Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-26181

High

Published: 14 April 2026

Published
14 April 2026
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0004 13.6th percentile
Risk Priority 16 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-26181 is a high-severity Race Condition (CWE-362) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 11 23H2. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 13.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-16 (Memory Protection) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068). What defenders deploy: see the NIST 800-53 controls recommended below.
Threat & Defense Details

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly remediates the use-after-free vulnerability in Microsoft Brokering File System by requiring timely application of vendor patches.

prevent

Provides memory protections like ASLR and non-executable memory that mitigate exploitation of use-after-free flaws in system components.

prevent

Enforces least privilege for local users, limiting the scope and impact of privilege escalation from low-privilege exploitation.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Local use-after-free vulnerability in a Windows system component directly enables exploitation for privilege escalation from low-privileged local access.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Use after free in Microsoft Brokering File System allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-26181 is a use-after-free vulnerability in the Microsoft Brokering File System. Published on 2026-04-14, it is linked to CWE-362 (race condition) and CWE-416 (use after free), with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H). The flaw enables an authorized local attacker to elevate privileges on affected Windows systems where the Brokering File System component is present.

A local attacker with low privileges can exploit this vulnerability through low-complexity techniques requiring no user interaction. Successful exploitation allows privilege escalation, resulting in high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability, such as unauthorized access to sensitive data, system modification, or denial of service.

Microsoft provides details on patches and mitigation in the Security Update Guide at https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-26181.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

microsoft
windows 11 23h2
≤ 10.0.22631.6936 · ≤ 10.0.22631.6936
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.8246 · ≤ 10.0.26100.8246
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.8246 · ≤ 10.0.26200.8246
microsoft
windows 11 26h1
≤ 10.0.28000.1836 · ≤ 10.0.28000.1836
microsoft
windows server 2022 23h2
≤ 10.0.25398.2274
microsoft
windows server 2025
≤ 10.0.26100.32690

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-26172Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 23H2
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CVE-2026-32163Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 23H2
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CVE-2026-32165Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 23H2
CVE-2026-32158Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 23H2
CVE-2026-32159Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 23H2
CVE-2026-26179Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 23H2
CVE-2026-27907Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 23H2
CVE-2026-32076Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 23H2

References