Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-28688

Memory Safety in Imagemagick ≤ 6.9.13-41

Published
10 March 2026
Modified
12 March 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 4.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0019 9th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-28688 is a medium-severity Use After Free (CWE-416) vulnerability in Imagemagick Imagemagick. Its CVSS base score is 4.0 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Client Execution (T1203); ranked at the 9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-7 (Least Functionality) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41, a heap-use-after-free vulnerability exists in the MSL encoder, where a cloned image is destroyed twice. The MSL coder does not support…

more

writing MSL so the write capability has been removed. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.1.2-16 and 6.9.13-41.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
Why these techniques?

Use-after-free in image library enables client-side RCE via malicious image files (T1203).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-61861Same product: Imagemagick Imagemagick
CVE-2026-56373Same product: Imagemagick Imagemagick
CVE-2026-53462Same product: Imagemagick Imagemagick
CVE-2026-25983Same product: Imagemagick Imagemagick
CVE-2026-56376Same product: Imagemagick Imagemagick
CVE-2026-28687Same product: Imagemagick Imagemagick
CVE-2026-55510Same product: Imagemagick Imagemagick
CVE-2026-26983Same product: Imagemagick Imagemagick
CVE-2025-65955Same product: Imagemagick Imagemagick
CVE-2026-46523Same product: Imagemagick Imagemagick

Affected Assets

imagemagick
imagemagick
≤ 6.9.13-41 · 7.0.0-0 — 7.1.2-16

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • CM-7 Least Functionality
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SI-7 Software, Firmware, and Information Integrity
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 3 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.4.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires applying the vendor patch that removes the MSL write path and eliminates the double-destroy use-after-free.

prevent

Enforces disabling or removing the MSL coder (an unneeded function) so the vulnerable code path cannot be reached.

detect

Verifies integrity of ImageMagick binaries/libraries to confirm only patched versions are in use and detect tampering that could re-introduce the flaw.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly incorporate memory-safety tooling and reviews that prevent most use-after-free defects.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover use-after-free issues via scanning or analysis but do not prevent their introduction.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching removes known use-after-free instances after they have been introduced in released software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development can detect use-after-free bugs before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates memory-safety practices that reduce use-after-free defects.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-management rules that mitigate use-after-free.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include memory-safety design choices that limit use-after-free exposure.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly prescribe avoidance of use-after-free patterns.

prevents

Change-management processes help ensure memory-safety fixes are deployed consistently.

References