Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-28696

HighPublic PoC

Published: 04 March 2026

Published
04 March 2026
Modified
05 March 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0002 6.6th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2026-28696 is a high-severity Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (CWE-639) vulnerability in Craftcms Craft Cms. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 6.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Threat & Defense at a Glance

What attackers do: exploitation maps to Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190) and 1 other technique.
Threat & Defense Details

Likely Mitigating ControlsAI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-639

Per-request decision making makes it harder to bypass authorization using user-controlled keys without proper validation in the decision process.

addresses: CWE-639

Consistent enforcement of approved authorizations makes bypassing via user-controlled keys ineffective.

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1213 Data from Information Repositories Collection
Adversaries may leverage information repositories to mine valuable information.
Why these techniques?

Authorization bypass in public-facing Craft CMS GraphQL endpoint (no auth checks on @parseRefs/Elements::parseRefs) directly enables remote exploitation of a public application for initial access (T1190) and unauthorized collection of sensitive data from the CMS information repository (T1213).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

NVD Description

Craft is a content management system (CMS). Prior to 4.17.0-beta.1 and 5.9.0-beta.1, the GraphQL directive @parseRefs, intended to parse internal reference tags (e.g., {user:1:email}), can be abused by both authenticated users and unauthenticated guests (if a Public Schema is enabled)…

more

to access sensitive attributes of any element in the CMS. The implementation in Elements::parseRefs fails to perform authorization checks, allowing attackers to read data they are not authorized to view. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.17.0-beta.1 and 5.9.0-beta.1.

Deeper analysisAI

CVE-2026-28696 is an authorization bypass vulnerability in Craft, a content management system (CMS). In versions prior to 4.17.0-beta.1 and 5.9.0-beta.1, the GraphQL directive @parseRefs—intended to parse internal reference tags such as {user:1:email}—suffers from inadequate implementation in the Elements::parseRefs method, which fails to enforce authorization checks. This flaw enables unauthorized access to sensitive attributes of any element within the CMS.

The vulnerability can be exploited remotely over the network with low complexity by both authenticated users and unauthenticated guests, provided a Public Schema is enabled. Successful exploitation allows attackers to read sensitive data they lack permission to view, resulting in high confidentiality impact with no integrity or availability disruption. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N) and maps to CWE-639 (Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key).

Craft CMS addresses this issue in versions 4.17.0-beta.1 and 5.9.0-beta.1. Additional details are available in the GitHub security advisory at https://github.com/craftcms/cms/security/advisories/GHSA-7x43-mpfg-r9wj and the fixing commit at https://github.com/craftcms/cms/commit/4d98a07e47580f1712095825d3e3c4d67bc9f8b9.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

craftcms
craft cms
4.0.0, 5.0.0 · 4.0.0 — 4.17.0 · 5.0.0 — 5.9.0

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References