Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-31940

Auth Bypass in Chamilo Lms ≤ 1.11.38

Published
10 April 2026
Modified
17 April 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0024 15th percentile
Risk Priority 54 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-31940 is a high-severity Session Fixation (CWE-384) vulnerability in Chamilo Chamilo Lms. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Steal Web Session Cookie (T1539); ranked at the 15th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SC-23 (Session Authenticity) and AC-12 (Session Termination) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-31940 is a session fixation vulnerability affecting Chamilo LMS, an open-source learning management system. In versions prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3, the component main/lp/aicc_hacp.php directly uses user-controlled request parameters to set the PHP session ID before loading the global bootstrap file. This flaw, classified under CWE-384 (Session Fixation), carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H) and was published on 2026-04-10.

The vulnerability can be exploited remotely by unauthenticated attackers (PR:N) over the network (AV:N), though it requires high attack complexity (AC:H) and user interaction (UI:R), with unchanged scope (S:U). By controlling the session ID via manipulated request parameters, an attacker can force a victim's browser to use a predetermined session identifier. If the victim subsequently authenticates, the attacker may hijack the session, achieving high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Mitigation is provided in Chamilo LMS versions 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3, which address the issue by preventing direct use of user-controlled parameters for session ID setting. Patch details are available in GitHub commits ce0192c62e48c9d9474d915c541b3274844afbf9 and e337b7cc74a0276a0b4f91f9282204d20cac1869, with additional guidance in the security advisory at GHSA-4gp7-cfjh-77gv.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Chamilo LMS is a learning management system. Prior to 1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3, in main/lp/aicc_hacp.php, user-controlled request parameters are directly used to set the PHP session ID before loading global bootstrap. This leads to session fixation. This vulnerability is fixed in…

more

1.11.38 and 2.0.0-RC.3.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
T1550.004 Web Session Cookie Lateral Movement
Adversaries can use stolen session cookies to authenticate to web applications and services.
T1606 Forge Web Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may forge credential materials that can be used to gain access to web applications or Internet services.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-52564Same product: Chamilo Chamilo Lms
CVE-2025-69581Same product: Chamilo Chamilo Lms
CVE-2026-32893Same product: Chamilo Chamilo Lms
CVE-2026-34161Same product: Chamilo Chamilo Lms
CVE-2023-31803Same product: Chamilo Chamilo Lms
CVE-2025-52468Same product: Chamilo Chamilo Lms
CVE-2023-31807Same product: Chamilo Chamilo Lms
CVE-2024-27524Same product: Chamilo Chamilo Lms
CVE-2025-52470Same product: Chamilo Chamilo Lms
CVE-2023-31801Same product: Chamilo Chamilo Lms

Affected Assets

chamilo
chamilo lms
2.0.0 · ≤ 1.11.38

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V4.4.4
  • V7.6.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Requires protection of session authenticity, which directly stops an attacker from using a stolen or fixed session identifier after authentication.

Limits the lifetime of any session (fixed or not), thereby reducing the window during which a stolen identifier remains usable.

Enforces that only properly authorized (i.e., freshly authenticated) sessions can access resources, making a pre-existing fixed session ID unusable.

Forces re-authentication under defined conditions, which should result in issuance of a fresh session identifier and invalidation of any prior one.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-03 mostly match
prevents

Proper authentication processes must invalidate prior session identifiers to prevent fixation attacks.

PR.AA-01 partial match
prevents

Managing identities and credentials includes handling session identifiers as temporary credentials that must be invalidated on re-authentication.

PR.AA-04 partial match
prevents

Protecting and verifying identity assertions encompasses secure handling and regeneration of session tokens.

PR.PS-01 partial match
prevents

Configuration baselines can enforce session regeneration and timeout settings that block fixation.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect session-fixation issues, yet the weakness absence does not replace comprehensive testing.

degrades

Access-control policy can mandate session invalidation on re-authentication, but does not prescribe the technical mechanism.

degrades

Identity-management procedures can require new session tokens after login, yet the control is broader than session handling.

degrades

Authentication-information rules can include session-token lifecycle requirements, but the control focuses on credential management.

prevents

Secure-SDLC requirement can embed session-fixation checks, but eliminating the weakness does not satisfy the full SDLC control.

prevents

Application-security requirements can specify session handling, yet the weakness fix alone does not meet the broader requirement.

References