Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-33987

Memory Safety in Freerdp ≤ 3.24.2

Published
30 March 2026
Modified
01 April 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0010 1.0th percentile
Risk Priority 49 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-33987 is a high-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Freerdp Freerdp. Its CVSS base score is 7.1 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 1.0th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-33987 affects FreeRDP, a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol, in versions prior to 3.24.2. The vulnerability resides in the persistent_cache_read_entry_v3() function within libfreerdp/cache/persistent.c, where persistent->bmpSize is updated before the winpr_aligned_recalloc() call. If the reallocation fails, bmpSize becomes inflated while bmpData continues to point to the old buffer, potentially leading to memory corruption. It is classified under CWE-122 (Heap-based Buffer Overflow) and CWE-131 (Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size), with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H).

A local attacker with no privileges required can exploit this vulnerability, though it demands low attack complexity and user interaction. Exploitation could result in high-impact integrity violations, such as data tampering, and high-impact availability disruptions, like application crashes or denial of service, without affecting confidentiality.

The vulnerability has been addressed in FreeRDP version 3.24.2. Mitigation details are provided in the patch commit at https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/commit/1a890eb43492b5eb707cb3dd6fc908f696e8fc1c and the GitHub security advisory at https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advisories/GHSA-ff8h-p5vc-wcwc.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

FreeRDP is a free implementation of the Remote Desktop Protocol. Prior to version 3.24.2, in persistent_cache_read_entry_v3() in libfreerdp/cache/persistent.c, persistent->bmpSize is updated before winpr_aligned_recalloc(). If realloc fails, bmpSize is inflated while bmpData points to the old buffer. This issue has been…

more

patched in version 3.24.2.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-44420Same product: Freerdp Freerdp
CVE-2026-33986Same product: Freerdp Freerdp
CVE-2026-31806Same product: Freerdp Freerdp
CVE-2026-33984Same product: Freerdp Freerdp
CVE-2026-23534Same product: Freerdp Freerdp
CVE-2026-24682Same product: Freerdp Freerdp
CVE-2026-23532Same product: Freerdp Freerdp
CVE-2026-23531Same product: Freerdp Freerdp
CVE-2026-23533Same product: Freerdp Freerdp
CVE-2026-24679Same product: Freerdp Freerdp

Affected Assets

freerdp
freerdp
≤ 3.24.2

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.4.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation (including fuzzing and memory-error detectors) can discover heap overflows after they have been coded.

Input validation enforces bounds checking on data written to heap buffers, directly stopping the overflow condition from being introduced.

Security engineering principles require use of memory-safe constructs and bounds-checked allocation routines that avoid introducing heap overflows.

Memory-protection mechanisms limit the ability of a heap overflow to execute attacker-controlled code or corrupt adjacent structures.

Flaw-remediation processes that include vulnerability scanning or static analysis will surface buffer-size errors.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 full match
prevents

Secure-development practices directly require bounds checking and safe memory handling that prevent heap overflows.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and recording can discover heap-overflow flaws but does not prevent their introduction in code.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Timely patching removes known heap-overflow instances after they exist.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

degrades

Secure coding standards directly require correct buffer-size calculations.

finds

Security testing in development and acceptance can detect heap overflows before release.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates practices that reduce the likelihood of introducing heap overflows.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify bounds-checking and safe memory APIs that mitigate heap overflows.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles include memory-safety and input-validation controls that address heap overflows.

none

Change management ensures controlled deployment of fixes for discovered heap-overflow vulnerabilities.

References