Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-39920

Public PoC
Published
24 April 2026
Modified
24 April 2026
CVSS Score v4 9.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0054 43th percentile
Risk Priority 46 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-39920 is a critical-severity Initialization of a Resource with an Insecure Default (CWE-1188) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 9.3 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Default Accounts (T1078.001); ranked at the 43th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-2 (Baseline Configuration) and CM-6 (Configuration Settings) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2026-39920 is a critical remote code execution vulnerability affecting BridgeHead FileStore versions prior to 24A, released in early 2024. The issue stems from the exposure of the Apache Axis2 administration module on network-accessible endpoints using default credentials. This configuration allows unauthenticated remote attackers to gain access and execute arbitrary operating system commands, as mapped to CWEs-1188 (Insecure Default Initialization of Resource) and CWE-1391 (Use of Weak Credentials). The vulnerability carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its network accessibility and lack of prerequisites.

Any unauthenticated attacker with network access to the affected BridgeHead FileStore instance can exploit this vulnerability. The attack begins with authenticating to the Axis2 admin console using the default credentials, followed by uploading a malicious Java archive (JAR) file as a web service. Once deployed, attackers send SOAP requests to the service to execute arbitrary OS commands on the host system, potentially leading to full compromise including data exfiltration, persistence, or lateral movement.

Advisories, including those from VulnCheck and BridgeHead Software, recommend upgrading to FileStore version 24A, which resolves the exposure of the Apache Axis2 admin module. Additional guidance from Apache Axis2 documentation and related JIRA issue AXIS2-4279 highlights securing or disabling the admin console to prevent default credential exploitation. A proof-of-concept exploit is available via a public GitHub Gist, underscoring the need for immediate patching.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

BridgeHead FileStore versions prior to 24A (released in early 2024) expose the Apache Axis2 administration module on network-accessible endpoints with default credentials that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands. Attackers can authenticate to the admin console using…

more

default credentials, upload a malicious Java archive as a web service, and execute arbitrary commands on the host via SOAP requests to the deployed service.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1078.001 Default Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
T1110 Brute Force Credential Access
Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.
T1110.001 Password Guessing Credential Access
Adversaries with no prior knowledge of legitimate credentials within the system or environment may guess passwords to attempt access to accounts.
T1078 Valid Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
T1110.002 Password Cracking Credential Access
Adversaries may use password cracking to attempt to recover usable credentials, such as plaintext passwords, when credential material such as password hashes are obtained.
T1133 External Remote Services Persistence
Adversaries may leverage external-facing remote services to initially access and/or persist within a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-47325Shared CWE-1391
CVE-2025-1081Shared CWE-1391
CVE-2025-22936Shared CWE-1391
CVE-2026-57473Shared CWE-1391
CVE-2025-55584Shared CWE-1391
CVE-2024-45272Shared CWE-1391
CVE-2024-5634Shared CWE-1391
CVE-2024-45722Shared CWE-1391
CVE-2026-22910Shared CWE-1391
CVE-2025-6737Shared CWE-1391

Affected Assets

BridgeHead FileStore
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 20 hardening rules · 8 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V14.3.2
  • V6.2.2
  • V6.3.2
  • V11.3.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

IA-5 directly requires management of authenticator strength, distribution, and replacement, stopping default or guessable credentials from being introduced or used.

Baseline configuration directly requires documenting and maintaining secure initial settings instead of insecure defaults.

Configuration settings mandate the most restrictive values be applied at initialization, eliminating reliance on insecure factory defaults.

Least privilege reduces the blast radius of any insecure default permissions that remain after initialization.

Security engineering principles include explicit requirements for secure defaults during resource initialization and design.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 full match
prevents

Hardened baselines and configuration management directly replace insecure defaults with secure settings.

PR.AA-01 mostly match
prevents

PR.AA-01's credential issuance and key-management processes directly block most weak/default credential usage, yet leave hard-coded or product-design instances of CWE-1391 only partially addressed.

PR.AA-03 mostly match
prevents

Password-strength policies in PR.AA-03 directly block weak authenticators, but the control leaves hard-coded/default credentials largely unaddressed.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure development practices include designing products with secure defaults rather than insecure ones.

ID.RA-09 partial match
prevents

Pre-acquisition integrity checks can reject products known to ship with insecure defaults.

PR.AT-01 partial match
prevents

Training raises password-hygiene awareness and can therefore reduce some weak-credential mistakes, yet supplies no enforcement mechanism and leaves the dominant technical sources of CWE-1391 untouched.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

degrades

Directly requires secure generation, distribution and storage of authentication credentials, eliminating default/hard-coded weak passwords.

degrades

Mandates secure authentication mechanisms that preclude use of weak or default credentials.

prevents

Secure-coding rules can prohibit hard-coded passwords, yet coverage depends on specific coding standards adopted.

finds

Security testing can discover weak credentials, but does not guarantee they are prevented by design.

prevents

Mandating secure baseline templates and immediate replacement of vendor defaults directly stops systems from being deployed with insecure factory settings that attackers can exploit.

degrades

Restricts privileged accounts but does not explicitly address default or hard-coded credentials for those accounts.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (4 rules)
  • V-248667 OL 8 must configure the use of the pam_faillock.so module in the /etc/pam.d/system-auth file. prevents CWE-1391
  • V-248668 OL 8 must configure the use of the pam_faillock.so module in the /etc/pam.d/password-auth file. prevents CWE-1391
  • V-248823 OL 8 must not have the telnet-server package installed. prevents CWE-1188
RHEL 7 (2 rules)
  • V-204627 SNMP community strings on the Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must be changed from the default. prevents CWE-1188
  • V-204442 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-1391
RHEL 8 (1 rule)
  • V-244533 RHEL 8 must configure the use of the pam_faillock.so module in the /etc/pam.d/system-auth file. prevents CWE-1391
Ubuntu 22.04 (1 rule)
  • V-260529 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must be configured so that remote X connections are disabled, unless to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. prevents CWE-1188
Ubuntu 24.04 (1 rule)
  • V-270708 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS must be configured so that remote X connections are disabled, unless to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. prevents CWE-1188
Windows Server 2016 (1 rule)
  • V-224972 Active Directory Group Policy objects must have proper access control permissions. prevents CWE-1188
Windows Server 2019 (1 rule)
  • V-205741 Windows Server 2019 Active Directory Group Policy objects must have proper access control permissions. prevents CWE-1188

References