Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-40454

Memory Safety

Published
10 July 2026
Modified
10 July 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0033 25th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-40454 is a high-severity Improper Input Validation (CWE-20) vulnerability in Apache IoTDB C (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 25th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Out-of-bounds Read, Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache IoTDB C++ client. Out-of-bounds reads in IoTDB C++ client TsBlock deserializer crash client process on malformed server data. This issue affects Apache IoTDB C++ client: from 1.3.5 before 1.3.8, from 2.0.5 before…

more

2.0.10. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.0.10, which fixes the issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

The out-of-bounds read in the Apache IoTDB C++ client TsBlock deserializer is triggered by malformed server data, directly enabling exploitation of a public-facing IoTDB service (T1190). No other techniques are clearly supported by the given description.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-44978Shared CWE-125, CWE-20
CVE-2026-45615Shared CWE-125, CWE-20
CVE-2026-49475Shared CWE-125, CWE-20
CVE-2025-48072Shared CWE-125
CVE-2026-25987Shared CWE-125
CVE-2026-40686Shared CWE-125
CVE-2024-34974Shared CWE-125
CVE-2026-9263Shared CWE-125
CVE-2026-48142Shared CWE-125
CVE-2026-42934Shared CWE-125

Affected Assets

Apache
IoTDB C
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SC-7 Boundary Protection
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 6 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

SI-10 requires validation of all input received from external sources, directly preventing the malformed TsBlock data that triggers the out-of-bounds read in the C++ client.

prevent

SC-7 boundary protection can restrict which servers the C++ client communicates with, reducing exposure to malicious or compromised IoTDB servers that could send malformed data.

prevent

SI-2 mandates timely application of security-relevant patches; upgrading the vulnerable IoTDB C++ client from 1.3.5-1.3.8 or 2.0.5-2.0.10 to 2.0.10 eliminates the out-of-bounds read flaw.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require and enforce input validation during development.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and recording can discover instances of out-of-bounds reads after code is deployed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching replaces vulnerable code containing out-of-bounds read flaws.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Testing against a defined set of requirements and using code review plus vulnerability scanning forces validation of inputs and handling of unanticipated conditions, reducing the chance that malformed data will be accepted.

A.8.15 Logging partial match
detects

Logging can record evidence of an out-of-bounds read but does not prevent the weakness itself.

prevents

Secure-coding guidelines and mandatory security testing (including code scans) compel developers to validate and sanitize inputs at design and implementation time, lowering the incidence of malformed or malicious data reaching downstream components.

prevents

Mandating input controls that include integrity checks and input validation ensures that untrusted data is examined before use, blocking the root cause of many injection and malformed-data weaknesses.

prevents

Security-by-design principles explicitly call for data validation and sanitization at every layer, reducing the chance that malformed or malicious input will be processed without scrutiny.

prevents

Requiring language-specific secure coding standards, peer review, SAST and documented mitigation of common programming errors forces validation of all inputs before they are trusted.

References