Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-40701

Memory Safety in F5 Nginx Ingress Controller 3.5.0 – 3.7.2

Published
13 May 2026
Modified
23 June 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 6.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0068 49th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-40701 is a medium-severity Use After Free (CWE-416) vulnerability in F5 Nginx Ingress Controller. Its CVSS base score is 6.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 49th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) and CM-7 (Least Functionality) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source have a vulnerability in the ngx_http_ssl_module module when the ssl_verify_client directive is set to "on" or "optional," and the ssl_ocsp directive is set to "on" or the leaf parameters are configured with a resolver.…

more

With this configuration, an unauthenticated attacker can send requests along with conditions beyond its control that may cause a heap-use-after-free error in the NGINX worker process. This vulnerability may result in limited modification of data or the NGINX worker process restarting. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Remote unauthenticated heap use-after-free in public-facing NGINX SSL module directly enables exploitation of a public-facing application (T1190); impact limited to DoS or minor data modification does not map to additional techniques.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-42530Same product: F5 Nginx Gateway Fabric
CVE-2024-24990Same product: F5 Nginx Open Source
CVE-2025-48008Same vendor: F5
CVE-2026-41218Same vendor: F5
CVE-2024-34161Same product: F5 Nginx Open Source
CVE-2025-62788Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-22857Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-41401Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-26311Shared CWE-416
CVE-2026-50694Shared CWE-416

Affected Assets

f5
dos
4.8.0 · 4.3.0 — 4.7.0
f5
nginx gateway fabric
1.3.0 — 1.6.2 · 2.0.0 — 2.6.0
f5
nginx ingress controller
3.5.0 — 3.7.2 · 4.0.0 — 4.0.1 · 5.0.0 — 5.4.2
f5
nginx instance manager
2.16.0 — 2.22.0
f5
nginx open source
1.19.0 — 1.30.0
f5
nginx plus
r32 — r36
f5
waf
4.9.0 — 4.16.0 · 5.1.0 — 5.8.0 · 5.9.0 — 5.12.1

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • CM-7 Least Functionality
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SI-4 System Monitoring
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 3 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.4.3

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires timely application of patches or configuration changes that eliminate the heap-use-after-free in ngx_http_ssl_module.

prevent

Enforces disabling or restricting ssl_ocsp and ssl_verify_client features when not strictly required, removing the vulnerable code path.

detect

Enables monitoring of NGINX worker process crashes or anomalous restarts that result from successful exploitation of the use-after-free.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly incorporate memory-safety tooling and reviews that prevent most use-after-free defects.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover use-after-free issues via scanning or analysis but do not prevent their introduction.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching removes known use-after-free instances after they have been introduced in released software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development can detect use-after-free bugs before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates memory-safety practices that reduce use-after-free defects.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify memory-management rules that mitigate use-after-free.

prevents

Secure architecture principles include memory-safety design choices that limit use-after-free exposure.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly prescribe avoidance of use-after-free patterns.

prevents

Change-management processes help ensure memory-safety fixes are deployed consistently.

References