Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-41365

Openclaw ≤ 2026.3.31

Public PoC
Published
28 April 2026
Modified
24 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 5.3
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0018 7th percentile
Risk Priority 35 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-41365 is a medium-severity Confused Deputy (CWE-441) vulnerability in Openclaw Openclaw. Its CVSS base score is 5.3 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Messaging Applications (T1213.005); ranked at the 7th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-4 (Information Flow Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains a sender allowlist bypass vulnerability in MS Teams thread history fetched via Graph API. Attackers can retrieve thread messages that should be filtered by sender allowlists, bypassing message filtering restrictions.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1213.005 Messaging Applications Collection
Adversaries may leverage chat and messaging applications, such as Microsoft Teams, Google Chat, and Slack, to mine valuable information.
Why these techniques?

Bypass of sender allowlist enables unauthorized retrieval of MS Teams messages via Graph API, directly facilitating data collection from messaging applications.

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-45003Same product: Openclaw Openclaw
CVE-2026-44992Same product: Openclaw Openclaw
CVE-2026-35635Same product: Openclaw Openclaw
CVE-2026-28463Same product: Openclaw Openclaw
CVE-2026-41408Same product: Openclaw Openclaw
CVE-2026-32923Same product: Openclaw Openclaw
CVE-2026-32021Same product: Openclaw Openclaw
CVE-2026-41296Same product: Openclaw Openclaw
CVE-2026-32063Same product: Openclaw Openclaw
CVE-2026-43576Same product: Openclaw Openclaw

Affected Assets

openclaw
openclaw
≤ 2026.3.31

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • AC-3 Access Enforcement
  • AC-4 Information Flow Enforcement
  • AC-6 Least Privilege
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V3.2.1
  • V3.5.1
  • V3.5.3
  • V3.5.8

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly enforces sender allowlist rules on Graph API thread history retrieval, blocking unauthorized message access.

prevent

Enforces information flow policies that restrict message delivery according to sender allowlists, preventing the observed bypass.

prevent

Limits privileges on Graph API queries so that only explicitly permitted senders can have their messages returned.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-04 mostly match
prevents

Proper conveyance and verification of original identity assertions directly prevents loss of request source when forwarding.

PR.AA-05 partial match
prevents

Enforcing least-privilege authorizations on forwarded requests reduces confused-deputy abuse even if source identity is lost.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

Access-control rules can limit which upstream identities may cause the product to act on their behalf, reducing confused-deputy risk.

prevents

Proper identity management ensures the original requester identity is preserved and validated before the product forwards requests.

degrades

Explicit access-rights assignment can restrict the product’s ability to act as an unintended proxy for external actors.

degrades

Privileged-access controls limit the rights the product may exercise on behalf of upstream callers, mitigating confused-deputy abuse.

degrades

Network-security controls can enforce source validation and prevent the product from blindly proxying traffic to external actors.

prevents

Secure-SDLC practices include design reviews that detect and eliminate confused-deputy proxy patterns before deployment.

References