Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-41499

Memory Safety in Wazuh 4.0.0 – 4.14.4

Published
29 April 2026
Modified
01 May 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0025 17th percentile
Risk Priority 49 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-41499 is a medium-severity Buffer Underflow (CWE-124) vulnerability in Wazuh Wazuh. Its CVSS base score is 6.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 17th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-8 (Security and Privacy Engineering Principles) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Wazuh is a free and open source platform used for threat prevention, detection, and response. From version 4.0.0 to before version 4.14.4, multiple heap-based out-of-bounds WRITE vulnerabilities exist in parse_uname_string() (remoted_op.c). This function processes OS identification data from agents and…

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contains a dangerous code pattern that appears in 4 locations within the same function: writing to strlen(ptr) - 1 without checking for empty strings. When the string is empty, strlen() returns 0, and 0 - 1 wraps to SIZE_MAX due to unsigned integer underflow. Due to pointer arithmetic wrapping, SIZE_MAX effectively becomes -1, causing a write exactly 1 byte before the allocated buffer. This corrupts heap metadata (e.g., the chunk size field in glibc malloc), leading to heap corruption. This issue has been patched in version 4.14.4.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-26204Same product: Wazuh Wazuh
CVE-2025-62786Same product: Wazuh Wazuh
CVE-2026-44251Same product: Wazuh Wazuh
CVE-2026-25772Same product: Wazuh Wazuh
CVE-2025-59938Same product: Wazuh Wazuh
CVE-2025-62788Same product: Wazuh Wazuh
CVE-2026-34150Same product: Wazuh Wazuh
CVE-2023-42463Same product: Wazuh Wazuh
CVE-2023-7340Same product: Wazuh Wazuh
CVE-2026-32984Same product: Wazuh Wazuh

Affected Assets

wazuh
wazuh
4.0.0 — 4.14.4

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.4.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and analysis can discover buffer underwrite flaws before deployment but does not stop their introduction.

Security engineering principles require use of safe arithmetic constructs or language features that structurally eliminate integer underflow during subtraction.

Input validation can enforce bounds on indices or pointers before buffer writes, structurally stopping underwrite conditions.

Memory protection mechanisms limit the blast radius of an out-of-bounds write even if the coding flaw exists.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 full match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent integer underflow defects via input validation, bounds checking, and static analysis.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover buffer underwrite issues but do not prevent their creation.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching removes instances of the weakness after discovery but does not address root-cause prevention in code.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches buffer-underflow defects before release.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and bounds checking that directly prevent buffer underflow.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify buffer-size and pointer-safety rules.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles require safe memory-handling patterns.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe pointer arithmetic and mandate bounds checks.

References