Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-42055

CriticalUpdated

Published: 17 June 2026

Published
17 June 2026
Modified
30 June 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v4 9.2 CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X
EPSS Score 0.0289 85.2th percentile
Risk Priority 70 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-42055 is a critical-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 9.2 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 14.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source have a vulnerability in the ngx_http_proxy_v2_module and ngx_http_grpc_module modules. This vulnerability exists when the proxy_http_version to 2 or grpc_pass directives are used to proxy HTTP/2 traffic, the ignore_invalid_headers directive is set to off, and…

more

the large_client_header_buffers directive size is larger than 2 megabytes. A remote, unauthenticated attacker, along with conditions beyond their control, could send large headers while creating an upstream request. This may cause a heap-based buffer overflow in the NGINX worker process leading to a restart. Additionally, attackers can execute code on systems with Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) disabled or when the attacker can bypass ASLR. Note: Software versions which have reached End of Technical Support (EoTS) are not evaluated.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Heap buffer overflow in public-facing NGINX proxy modules enables remote code execution via crafted HTTP/2 headers.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

Affected Assets

Software
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

No mitigating controls mapped yet. The per-CVE control annotator has not reached this CVE.

References