Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-50518

Memory Safety in Microsoft Windows 10 1607 ≤ 10.0.14393.9339

Published
14 July 2026
Modified
22 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.11 95th percentile
Risk Priority 70 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-50518 is a critical-severity Heap-based Buffer Overflow (CWE-122) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 1607. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Heap-based buffer overflow in Windows DHCP Server allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Why these techniques?

Heap buffer overflow in network-accessible Windows DHCP Server service directly enables remote code execution by an unauthenticated attacker (T1190/T1210).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-48564Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2026-49164Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1607
CVE-2025-49672Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2025-49729Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2025-54113Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2025-48824Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2025-49668Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2025-49663Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2025-49674Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2025-49753Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.9339 · ≤ 10.0.14393.9339
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.9020 · ≤ 10.0.17763.9020
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
≤ 10.0.14393.9339
microsoft
windows server 2019
≤ 10.0.17763.9020
microsoft
windows server 2022
≤ 10.0.20348.5386
microsoft
windows server 2025
≤ 10.0.26100.33158

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-2 Flaw Remediation
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • SC-7 Boundary Protection
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.4.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires timely remediation of the heap buffer overflow flaw in the Windows DHCP Server before remote exploitation can occur.

prevent

Enforces validation of all DHCP protocol inputs to reject malformed data that would otherwise trigger the CWE-122 overflow.

prevent

Restricts network access to the DHCP service, reducing the attack surface for unauthenticated remote code execution attempts.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 full match
prevents

Secure-development practices directly require bounds checking and safe memory handling that prevent heap overflows.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and recording can discover heap-overflow flaws but does not prevent their introduction in code.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Timely patching removes known heap-overflow instances after they exist.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing in development and acceptance can detect heap overflows before release.

prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates practices that reduce the likelihood of introducing heap overflows.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify bounds-checking and safe memory APIs that mitigate heap overflows.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles include memory-safety and input-validation controls that address heap overflows.

prevents

Secure coding standards directly prescribe techniques (safe functions, bounds checks) that prevent heap-based buffer overflows.

none

Change management ensures controlled deployment of fixes for discovered heap-overflow vulnerabilities.

References