Cyber Resilience

CVE-2026-58598

Memory Safety in Microsoft Windows 10 21H2 ≤ 10.0.19044.7548

Published
16 July 2026
Modified
22 July 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.0
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0019 9th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2026-58598 is a high-severity Race Condition (CWE-362) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows 10 21H2. Its CVSS base score is 7.0 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked at the 9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-6 (Least Privilege) and SC-39 (Process Isolation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Concurrent execution using shared resource with improper synchronization ('race condition') in Windows Backup Engine allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Why these techniques?

Race condition vulnerability in Windows Backup Engine directly enables local privilege escalation via exploitation of a software flaw.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-32153Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2026-50427Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2026-50457Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2026-50677Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 24H2
CVE-2026-50404Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 24H2
CVE-2026-50440Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 24H2
CVE-2026-50676Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 24H2
CVE-2026-50379Same product: Microsoft Windows 11 24H2
CVE-2026-50384Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2
CVE-2026-54125Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 21H2

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.7548
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.7548
microsoft
windows 11 24h2
≤ 10.0.26100.8875
microsoft
windows 11 25h2
≤ 10.0.26200.8875
microsoft
windows 11 26h1
≤ 10.0.28000.2525

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 3 hardening rules · 3 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V10.4.2
  • V10.4.5
  • V15.1.3
  • V15.4.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Least privilege directly limits the blast radius of a successful local race-condition escalation in the Backup Engine.

prevent

Process isolation prevents concurrent threads from improperly sharing and racing on Backup Engine resources.

prevent

Memory protection mitigates the use-after-free (CWE-416) component that enables the race condition.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require proper synchronization primitives and concurrency testing that prevent race conditions.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability identification processes can discover use-after-free issues via scanning or analysis but do not prevent their introduction.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching removes known use-after-free instances after they have been introduced in released software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing can detect race conditions, but does not prevent them at design or coding time.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates concurrency controls and synchronization primitives that directly prevent race conditions.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify thread-safety and locking rules, but do not prescribe implementation details.

prevents

Secure architecture principles require proper synchronization and resource isolation, addressing the root cause of CWE-362.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe concurrent access patterns and mandate atomic operations or locks.

prevents

Change-management processes help ensure memory-safety fixes are deployed consistently.

References