Threat actor · all actors
LuminousMothG1014 state
🇨🇳 CN
aka LuminousMoth, MUSTANG PANDA, BRONZE PRESIDENT, HoneyMyte, Red Lich, TEMP.HEX, BASIN, Earth Preta, TA416, Stately Taurus, Polaris, TANTALUM, Twill Typhoon, BASIN CASTLE
Last updated: 2026-08-20
About this actor
This threat actor targets nongovernmental organizations using Mongolian-themed lures for espionage purposes. In April 2017, CrowdStrike Falcon Intelligence observed a previously unattributed actor group with a Chinese nexus targeting a U.S.-based think tank. Further analysis revealed a wider campaign with unique tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs). This adversary targets non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in general, but uses Mongolian language decoys and themes, suggesting this actor has a specific focus on gathering intelligence on Mongolia. These campaigns involve the use of shared malware like Poison Ivy or PlugX. Recently, Falcon Intelligence observed new activity from MUSTANG PANDA, using a unique infection chain to target likely Mongolia-based victims. This newly observed activity uses a series of redirections and fileless, malicious implementations of legitimate tools to gain access to the targeted systems. Additionally, MUSTANG PANDA actors reused previously-observed legitimate domains to host files.
Source: MITRE ATT&CK
Names & naming systems
Each vendor coins its own name for the same actor. Where a name follows a known scheme we attribute it; the rest are listed honestly as unclassified.
MITRE ATT&CKG-number catalogue id
Microsoftweather-system names
CrowdStrikenation-animal names
MandiantTEMP temporary cluster
Secureworkscolour-metal names
Palo Alto Unit 42constellation names
ProofpointTA threat-actor id
Unclassifiedno scheme matched
How we know this
- Data origin
- MITRE ATT&CK Imported from the MITRE ATT&CK STIX bundle as an intrusion-set object.
- Techniques
- MITRE ATT&CK STIX mappings — 42 ATT&CK techniques on file.
- Named victims
- None on file.
See how actor data is built for the full pipeline.
Activity timeline
No activity events recorded.
Profile
| CVE | Risk | CVSS | EPSS | Published | Products |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No attributed CVEs. | |||||
T1005Data from Local System ↗T1030Data Transfer Size Limits ↗T1033System Owner/User Discovery ↗T1036Masquerading ↗T1036.005Match Legitimate Resource Name or Location ↗T1041Exfiltration Over C2 Channel ↗T1053Scheduled Task/Job ↗T1053.005Scheduled Task ↗T1071Application Layer Protocol ↗T1071.001Web Protocols ↗T1083File and Directory Discovery ↗T1091Replication Through Removable Media ↗T1105Ingress Tool Transfer ↗T1112Modify Registry ↗T1204User Execution ↗T1204.001Malicious Link ↗T1539Steal Web Session Cookie ↗T1547Boot or Logon Autostart Execution ↗T1547.001Registry Run Keys / Startup Folder ↗T1553Subvert Trust Controls ↗T1553.002Code Signing ↗T1557Adversary-in-the-Middle ↗T1557.002ARP Cache Poisoning ↗T1560Archive Collected Data ↗T1564Hide Artifacts ↗T1564.001Hidden Files and Directories ↗T1566Phishing ↗T1566.002Spearphishing Link ↗T1567Exfiltration Over Web Service ↗T1567.002Exfiltration to Cloud Storage ↗T1574Hijack Execution Flow ↗T1574.001DLL ↗T1587Develop Capabilities ↗T1587.001Malware ↗T1588Obtain Capabilities ↗T1588.001Malware ↗T1588.002Tool ↗T1588.004Digital Certificates ↗T1608Stage Capabilities ↗T1608.001Upload Malware ↗T1608.004Drive-by Target ↗T1608.005Link Target ↗
Mitigating controls (NIST 800-53)
| Control | Techniques covered | Coverage |
|---|---|---|
SI-4 | 23 / 42 | 55% |
CM-2 | 20 / 42 | 48% |
SI-3 | 20 / 42 | 48% |
CM-6 | 19 / 42 | 45% |
CA-7 | 16 / 42 | 38% |
CM-7 | 15 / 42 | 36% |
AC-4 | 14 / 42 | 33% |
SC-7 | 14 / 42 | 33% |
AC-3 | 13 / 42 | 31% |
AC-6 | 12 / 42 | 29% |
AC-2 | 9 / 42 | 21% |
SI-7 | 9 / 42 | 21% |
RA-5 | 8 / 42 | 19% |
SI-10 | 8 / 42 | 19% |
CM-8 | 7 / 42 | 17% |
Co-occurring actors
None.
Similar actors
Similar TTPs
- RedDelta Modified PlugX Infection Chain Operations 0.32
- Patchwork 0.28
- FIN7 0.27
- Confucius 0.27
- Mustang Panda 0.27
Same nation-state
- Night Dragon 1.00
- FunnyDream 1.00
- Operation Wocao 1.00
- C0017 1.00
- Cutting Edge 1.00
Same category
- Night Dragon 1.00
- FunnyDream 1.00
- C0011 1.00
- Operation Wocao 1.00
- Operation Dream Job 1.00