Cyber Resilience

CVE-2012-2539

Memory Safety in Microsoft Word 2003 … 2010

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedMemory Safety
Published
12 December 2012
Modified
22 April 2026
KEV Added
28 March 2022
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.53 99th percentile
Risk Priority 83 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2012-2539 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Write (CWE-787) vulnerability in Microsoft Word. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability is an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) affecting Microsoft Word 2003 SP3, 2007 SP2 and SP3, and 2010 SP1, along with Word Viewer, Office Compatibility Pack SP2 and SP3, and Office Web Apps 2010 SP1. It is triggered when these components process specially crafted RTF data containing an invalid listoverridecount value, resulting in memory corruption.

An attacker can supply a malicious RTF document that a user opens locally or views through Office Web Apps. Successful exploitation grants remote code execution with the privileges of the current user or alternatively causes a denial of service; the CVSS vector indicates the attack requires user interaction but no authentication.

Microsoft security bulletin MS12-079 and the associated US-CERT alert TA12-346A address the issue and direct administrators to apply the vendor-supplied updates for the affected Word and Office components.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Microsoft Word 2003 SP3, 2007 SP2 and SP3, and 2010 SP1; Word Viewer; Office Compatibility Pack SP2 and SP3; and Office Web Apps 2010 SP1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption)…

more

via crafted RTF data, aka "Word RTF 'listoverridecount' Remote Code Execution Vulnerability."

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
28 March 2022

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
T1211 Exploitation for Stealth Stealth
Adversaries may exploit vulnerabilities to evade detection by hiding activity, suppressing logging, or operating within trusted or unmonitored components.
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2015-1641Same product: Microsoft Office Compatibility Packboth on KEV
CVE-2014-1761Same product: Microsoft Office Compatibility Packboth on KEV
CVE-2018-0802Same product: Microsoft Office Compatibility Packboth on KEV
CVE-2018-0798Same product: Microsoft Office Compatibility Packboth on KEV
CVE-2009-0563Same product: Microsoft Office Compatibility Packboth on KEV
CVE-2015-2424Same product: Microsoft Office Compatibility Packboth on KEV
CVE-2012-1889Same product: Microsoft Office Compatibility Packboth on KEV
CVE-2020-0986Same vendor: Microsoftboth on KEV
CVE-2016-7200Same vendor: Microsoftboth on KEV
CVE-2022-41073Same vendor: Microsoftboth on KEV

Affected Assets

microsoft
office compatibility pack
all versions
microsoft
office web apps
2010
microsoft
office word viewer
all versions
microsoft
sharepoint server
2010
microsoft
word
2003, 2007, 2010

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-787

Out-of-bounds writes that corrupt control flow or inject shellcode are rendered non-executable by the same memory protections.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure-development practices (static analysis, bounds checking, code review) are the primary means of preventing out-of-bounds writes.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and recording can discover out-of-bounds write flaws so they can be remediated.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching or replacing vulnerable software directly eliminates known instances of this coding weakness.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development and acceptance can detect and prevent out-of-bounds write defects.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates practices that prevent out-of-bounds writes.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify bounds-checking and safe memory handling.

prevents

Secure architecture and engineering principles reduce the likelihood of buffer overflows.

prevents

Secure coding directly addresses out-of-bounds writes through language choice and coding standards.

prevents

Change management can enforce review gates that catch unsafe memory operations before deployment.

References