Security Resilience

CVE-2016-4523

Memory Safety in Trihedral Vtscada 8.0.05 – 11.2.02

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedMemory Safety
Published
09 June 2016
Modified
22 April 2026
KEV Added
15 April 2022
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.31 98th percentile
Risk Priority 84 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2016-4523 is a high-severity Out-of-bounds Read (CWE-125) vulnerability in Trihedral Vtscada. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Data Obfuscation (T1001); ranked in the top 2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability is an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in the WAP interface of Trihedral VTScada (formerly VTS) versions 8.x through 11.x prior to 11.2.02. It is rated 7.5 on CVSS 3.1 with a vector of AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H and can trigger an application crash.

Remote unauthenticated attackers can exploit the flaw over the network to cause a denial of service. The attack requires no user interaction and results only in loss of availability with no impact on confidentiality or integrity.

Public references include ICS-CERT advisory ICSA-16-159-01 and Zero Day Initiative advisory ZDI-16-405, which direct users to vendor updates addressing the issue. No information on observed in-the-wild exploitation is provided in the source data.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

The WAP interface in Trihedral VTScada (formerly VTS) 8.x through 11.x before 11.2.02 allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (out-of-bounds read and application crash) via unspecified vectors.

CWE(s)
CWE-125
KEV Date Added
15 April 2022

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1001 Data Obfuscation Command And Control
Adversaries may obfuscate command and control traffic to make it more difficult to detect.
attack.mitre.org →
T1001.002 Steganography Command And Control
Adversaries may use steganographic techniques to hide command and control traffic to make detection efforts more difficult.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.002 Security Account Manager Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to extract credential material from the Security Account Manager (SAM) database either through in-memory techniques or through the Windows Registry where the SAM database is stored.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.003 NTDS Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to access or create a copy of the Active Directory domain database in order to steal credential information, as well as obtain other information about domain members such as devices, users, and access rights.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.004 LSA Secrets Credential Access
Adversaries with SYSTEM access to a host may attempt to access Local Security Authority (LSA) secrets, which can contain a variety of different credential materials, such as credentials for service accounts.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.006 DCSync Credential Access
Adversaries may attempt to access credentials and other sensitive information by abusing a Windows Domain Controller's application programming interface (API)(Citation: Microsoft DRSR Dec 2017) (Citation: Microsoft GetNCCChanges) (Citati…
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-3055Shared CWE-125both on KEV
CVE-2025-24991Shared CWE-125both on KEV
CVE-2022-22674Shared CWE-125both on KEV
CVE-2014-0160Shared CWE-125both on KEV
CVE-2025-22226Shared CWE-125both on KEV
CVE-2020-11899Shared CWE-125both on KEV
CVE-2023-36424Shared CWE-125both on KEV
CVE-2016-1646Shared CWE-125both on KEV
CVE-2021-25487Shared CWE-125both on KEV
CVE-2023-42916Shared CWE-125both on KEV

Affected Assets

trihedral
vtscada
8.0.05 — 11.2.02

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

ID.RA-01 partial match
blocks

Vulnerability scanning and recording can discover instances of out-of-bounds reads after code is deployed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
blocks

Routine patching replaces vulnerable code containing out-of-bounds read flaws.

PR.PS-06 partial match
blocks

Secure-development practices such as bounds checking and memory-safe languages directly prevent out-of-bounds reads.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.5.14 Information transfer partial match
removes
A.5.15 Access control partial match
removes
A.5.16 Identity management partial match
removes
A.5.17 Authentication information partial match
removes
A.5.18 Access rights partial match
removes
A.8.10 Information deletion partial match
removes

References