Cyber Resilience

CVE-2020-7247

RCE in Debian Linux 10.0 … 9.0

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedPublic PoCRCECommand Injection
Published
29 January 2020
Modified
07 November 2025
KEV Added
25 March 2022
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.99 99.9th percentile
Risk Priority 97 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2020-7247 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Debian Debian Linux. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 0.1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2020-7247 is a command injection vulnerability in the smtp_mailaddr function within smtp_session.c of OpenSMTPD 6.6, as deployed in OpenBSD 6.6 and related products. The flaw stems from an incorrect return value when input validation fails, enabling shell metacharacters supplied in a MAIL FROM field to be processed during a crafted SMTP session. It impacts the default configuration when the "uncommented" setup is in use and is tracked under CWE-78 and CWE-755 with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8.

Remote unauthenticated attackers can exploit the issue over the network by establishing an SMTP session and injecting arbitrary commands that execute with root privileges, achieving full system compromise without requiring user interaction.

Public exploit code for remote code execution and local privilege escalation against affected OpenSMTPD versions has been published on PacketStorm, confirming the vulnerability's practical exploitability in default deployments.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

smtp_mailaddr in smtp_session.c in OpenSMTPD 6.6, as used in OpenBSD 6.6 and other products, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands as root via a crafted SMTP session, as demonstrated by shell metacharacters in a MAIL FROM field. This affects…

more

the "uncommented" default configuration. The issue exists because of an incorrect return value upon failure of input validation.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
25 March 2022

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2019-10149Same product: Canonical Ubuntu Linuxboth on KEV
CVE-2020-16846Same product: Debian Debian Linuxboth on KEV
CVE-2021-38003Same product: Debian Debian Linuxboth on KEV
CVE-2019-16928Same product: Canonical Ubuntu Linuxboth on KEV
CVE-2021-22204Same product: Debian Debian Linuxboth on KEV
CVE-2024-4577Same product: Fedoraproject Fedoraboth on KEV
CVE-2023-2136Same product: Debian Debian Linuxboth on KEV
CVE-2021-37973Same product: Debian Debian Linuxboth on KEV
CVE-2021-37975Same product: Debian Debian Linuxboth on KEV
CVE-2021-21193Same product: Debian Debian Linuxboth on KEV

Affected Assets

openbsd
opensmtpd
6.6
debian
debian linux
10.0, 9.0
fedoraproject
fedora
32
canonical
ubuntu linux
18.04, 19.10

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 1 hardening rule · 1 OS baseline
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-755

Provides defined handling (alert and additional actions) for the exceptional condition of audit logging failure.

addresses: CWE-755

Supplies a concrete handling action (safe mode) for exceptional conditions, mitigating risks from improper or absent handling that could allow continued attacks.

addresses: CWE-755

By preparing users for contingency scenarios, the control promotes proper handling of exceptional conditions instead of default or unsafe behaviors.

addresses: CWE-755

An updated contingency plan defines current actions for exceptional conditions, reducing the window for attackers to exploit improper handling leading to system failure.

addresses: CWE-755

Procedures ensure proper handling of exceptional conditions to support effective incident response.

addresses: CWE-755

Incident response testing confirms proper handling of exceptional conditions to limit exploit impact.

addresses: CWE-755

Gives users guidance on incident handling, reducing improper handling of exceptional conditions that could stem from exploited weaknesses.

addresses: CWE-755

Enforces structured response to exceptional conditions so the system cannot remain in an unsafe state.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

degrades

Documented operating procedures may specify exception handling but do not guarantee implementation.

A.8.15 Logging partial match
finds

Logging captures unhandled exceptions, aiding detection but not preventing the weakness.

finds

Monitoring can surface unhandled exceptions but does not enforce proper handling.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates exception-handling requirements and testing that directly prevent improper handling of exceptional conditions.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly include handling of error and exceptional conditions.

References