Cyber Resilience

CVE-2021-1879

XSS in Apple Iphone Os ≤ 12.5.2

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedXSS
Published
02 April 2021
Modified
23 October 2025
KEV Added
03 November 2021
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 6.1
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.068 93th percentile
Risk Priority 75 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2021-1879 is a medium-severity Cross-site Scripting (CWE-79) vulnerability in Apple Iphone Os. Its CVSS base score is 6.1 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Browser Session Hijacking (T1185); ranked in the top 7% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

The vulnerability CVE-2021-1879 is a cross-site scripting flaw (CWE-79) caused by insufficient management of object lifetimes during web content processing. It affects Apple iOS prior to versions 12.5.2 and 14.4.2, iPadOS prior to 14.4.2, and watchOS prior to 7.3.3, with a CVSS score of 6.1 reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, required user interaction, and scoped confidentiality and integrity impacts.

An attacker can exploit the issue by serving maliciously crafted web content that triggers universal cross-site scripting, allowing limited reading or modification of data across security boundaries on the affected device. The attack requires no authentication and can be delivered remotely, though user interaction such as visiting a web page is needed.

Apple security advisories for iOS 12.5.2, iOS 14.4.2, iPadOS 14.4.2, and watchOS 7.3.3 state that the issue is resolved by the improved object lifetime handling in those updates. The vendor notes awareness of reports indicating the vulnerability has been actively exploited in the wild.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

This issue was addressed by improved management of object lifetimes. This issue is fixed in iOS 12.5.2, iOS 14.4.2 and iPadOS 14.4.2, watchOS 7.3.3. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to universal cross site scripting. Apple is aware of…

more

a report that this issue may have been actively exploited..

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
03 November 2021

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1185 Browser Session Hijacking Collection
Adversaries may take advantage of security vulnerabilities and inherent functionality in browser software to change content, modify user-behaviors, and intercept information as part of various browser session hijacking techniques.
T1539 Steal Web Session Cookie Credential Access
An adversary may steal web application or service session cookies and use them to gain access to web applications or Internet services as an authenticated user without needing credentials.
T1659 Content Injection Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic.
T1189 Drive-by Compromise Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access to a system through a user visiting a website over the normal course of browsing.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-32445Same product: Apple Ipados
CVE-2012-0767Same vendor: Appleboth on KEV
CVE-2018-6882Shared CWE-79both on KEV
CVE-2023-5631Shared CWE-79both on KEV
CVE-2022-27926Shared CWE-79both on KEV
CVE-2019-18426Shared CWE-79both on KEV
CVE-2023-34192Shared CWE-79both on KEV
CVE-2020-3580Shared CWE-79both on KEV
CVE-2020-11023Shared CWE-79both on KEV
CVE-2019-9978Shared CWE-79both on KEV

Affected Assets

apple
ipados
≤ 14.4.2
apple
iphone os
≤ 12.5.2 · 13.0 — 14.4.2
apple
watchos
≤ 7.3.3

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.1.2
  • V1.3.2

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-79

Penetration testing submits XSS payloads to web applications, detecting cross-site scripting flaws for subsequent remediation.

addresses: CWE-79

Validates web inputs to reject script-related content that could produce XSS.

addresses: CWE-79

Output validation against expected content can reject or sanitize script content in generated web pages, reducing XSS exploitability.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly target introduction of XSS via coding standards/testing (mostly), yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors unaddressed (partial).

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching and EOL replacement can remediate known XSS instances in libraries or frameworks (partial) but do nothing to enforce input neutralization in application code (none).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Secure-coding testing and automated code-analysis tools are applied to detect improper neutralization of script-related content during web-page generation.

prevents

Knowledge exchange on emerging attack techniques and patches reduces the likelihood that cross-site scripting flaws remain unaddressed in deployed applications.

prevents

Operational indicators of compromise for web-application attacks can be incorporated into WAF or input-filtering rules, lowering the likelihood that unsanitized data reaches the browser.

prevents

Requiring language-specific secure-coding standards and automated scanning during the SDLC catches missing output encoding or improper neutralization of untrusted data before the software reaches production.

prevents

Secure-coding standards, SAST scans and removal of insecure code samples together eliminate the failure to neutralize script content that produces cross-site scripting flaws.

none

Webpage malware scanning and block-listing of known malicious sites reduce the likelihood that reflected or stored script payloads reach a user’s browser.

References