Cyber Resilience

CVE-2021-20090

Path Traversal in Buffalo Wsr-2533Dhpl2-Bk Firmware ≤ 1.02

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedPublic PoCPath Traversal
Published
29 April 2021
Modified
03 November 2025
KEV Added
03 November 2021
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.99 100.0th percentile
Risk Priority 97 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2021-20090 is a critical-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Buffalo Wsr-2533Dhpl2-Bk Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 0.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

A path traversal vulnerability tracked as CVE-2021-20090 affects the web interfaces of Buffalo WSR-2533DHPL2 firmware versions 1.02 and earlier, as well as WSR-2533DHP3 firmware versions 1.24 and earlier. The issue, assigned CWE-22, resides in the devices' HTTP handling logic and permits directory traversal sequences that circumvent built-in authentication checks.

Unauthenticated attackers can reach the flaw remotely over the network with no credentials or user interaction required. Exploitation yields complete control over the router, allowing arbitrary file access, configuration changes, and full compromise of confidentiality, integrity, and availability, consistent with the CVSS 9.8 rating.

Public references, including CERT and SecPod advisories, note that Arcadyan-based routers and modems sharing this firmware lineage are under active exploitation in the wild. The listed sources do not detail specific patches or workarounds, but emphasize the need for immediate firmware updates from Buffalo once available.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A path traversal vulnerability in the web interfaces of Buffalo WSR-2533DHPL2 firmware version <= 1.02 and WSR-2533DHP3 firmware version <= 1.24 could allow unauthenticated remote attackers to bypass authentication.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
03 November 2021

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-1708Shared CWE-22both on KEV
CVE-2021-42013Shared CWE-22both on KEV
CVE-2019-7194Shared CWE-22both on KEV
CVE-2024-41713Shared CWE-22both on KEV
CVE-2021-20123Shared CWE-22both on KEV
CVE-2019-16278Shared CWE-22both on KEV
CVE-2019-5418Shared CWE-22both on KEV
CVE-2017-12637Shared CWE-22both on KEV
CVE-2016-3976Shared CWE-22both on KEV
CVE-2022-29464Shared CWE-22both on KEV

Affected Assets

buffalo
wsr-2533dhpl2-bk firmware
≤ 1.02
buffalo
wsr-2533dhp3-bk firmware
≤ 1.24

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.3.2

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-22

Validates pathnames and filenames to prevent traversal outside intended directories.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching/maintenance can remediate known path-traversal flaws in deployed software (partial prevention of exploitability) but does nothing to stop the coding defect from being introduced in the first place.

PR.AA-05 none match
prevents

PR.AA-05 defines and reviews access policies but does not address code-level pathname neutralization, so neither direction prevents CWE-22.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches path traversal via static/dynamic analysis.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and path sanitization that directly prevent path traversal.

prevents

Application security requirements include rules for safe file handling and canonicalization.

prevents

Secure architecture principles require least-privilege file access and directory isolation.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe path construction and mandate safe APIs.

mitigates

Information access restriction limits which files an application may read or write.

References