Cyber Resilience

CVE-2021-26828

Scadabr ≤ 0.9.1

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedPublic PoC
Published
11 June 2021
Modified
04 December 2025
KEV Added
03 December 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.39 98th percentile
Risk Priority 90 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2021-26828 is a high-severity Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type (CWE-434) vulnerability in Scadabr Scadabr. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 2% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

OpenPLC ScadaBR through version 0.9.1 on Linux and through 1.12.4 on Windows contains an unrestricted file upload vulnerability tracked as CVE-2021-26828 and assigned CWE-434. Remote authenticated users can upload arbitrary JSP files through the view_edit.shtm endpoint and subsequently execute them on the server.

An attacker with valid low-privileged credentials can exploit the flaw over the network without user interaction to achieve arbitrary code execution. Successful exploitation grants full control over confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the affected SCADA system, consistent with the CVSS 8.8 base score.

Public exploit code and proof-of-concept demonstrations have been published, including a shell-upload Metasploit module on Packet Storm and a detailed video walkthrough, confirming that working attacks against the listed versions are readily available. No official patch or mitigation guidance appears in the referenced advisories.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

OpenPLC ScadaBR through 0.9.1 on Linux and through 1.12.4 on Windows allows remote authenticated users to upload and execute arbitrary JSP files via view_edit.shtm.

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
03 December 2025

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1505 Server Software Component Persistence
Adversaries may abuse legitimate extensible development features of servers to establish persistent access to systems.
T1505.003 Web Shell Persistence
Adversaries may backdoor web servers with web shells to establish persistent access to systems.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer Command And Control
Adversaries may transfer tools or other files from an external system into a compromised environment.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2021-26829Same product: Linux Linux Kernelboth on KEV
CVE-2025-26497Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2025-52449Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2025-67706Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2025-67707Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2026-9182Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2023-45188Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2021-36741Same product: Microsoft Windowsboth on KEV
CVE-2023-25922Same product: Linux Linux Kernel
CVE-2023-25921Same product: Linux Linux Kernel

Affected Assets

scadabr
scadabr
≤ 0.9.1 · ≤ 1.12.4

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.1.1

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-434

Requiring identifiable owners for portable devices reduces the attack surface for unrestricted uploads of dangerous file types via anonymous media.

addresses: CWE-434

Dangerous file uploads can be detonated in the chamber to determine malice before any production write or execution occurs.

addresses: CWE-434

Prevents unrestricted writing of arbitrary or malicious firmware by keeping hardware write-protect enabled except under tightly controlled manual procedures.

addresses: CWE-434

Scans files from external sources on download/open/execute, blocking unrestricted uploads of dangerous file types.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-05 mostly match
prevents

Restricting execution of unauthorized software directly blocks dangerous uploaded files from running.

PR.PS-01 partial match
prevents

Hardened configuration baselines can enforce allowed file types and processing rules.

PR.PS-06 partial match
prevents

Secure development practices include input validation and file-type restrictions that prevent this weakness.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Configuration and acceptance testing verify that file-upload handling enforces allowed types and does not permit dangerous content to be stored or executed.

prevents

Secure-coding guidelines and security testing explicitly address restrictions on allowed file types and upload handling, reducing the risk that dangerous file uploads are accepted without validation.

prevents

Mandated testing for malicious content and known vulnerabilities reduces the likelihood that an outsourced component will contain or accept dangerous file types that could later be uploaded or executed.

mitigates

Application allow-listing and pre-use scanning of received files directly blocks the introduction of executable content that has not been vetted, eliminating the primary vector for unrestricted dangerous file uploads.

References