Cyber Resilience

CVE-2022-21999

Path Traversal in Microsoft Windows Server 2008 r2

CISA KEVActive ExploitationEUVD ExploitedRansomware-linkedPath Traversal
Published
09 February 2022
Modified
30 October 2025
KEV Added
25 March 2022
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.42 99th percentile
Risk Priority 83 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2022-21999 is a high-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 7.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Path Interception (T1034); ranked in the top 1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2022-21999 is an elevation-of-privilege vulnerability in the Windows Print Spooler service. It is tracked under CWE-22 and CWE-59 and carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 reflecting local attack vector, low attack complexity, and low privileges required.

An authenticated local attacker can exploit the flaw without user interaction to obtain full control over the affected system, resulting in high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability. The vulnerability therefore allows any low-privileged user on a Windows host running the Print Spooler to escalate to SYSTEM-level privileges.

Microsoft’s security update guide provides patches that address the issue, and CISA includes CVE-2022-21999 in its catalog of known exploited vulnerabilities, confirming that the flaw has been observed in active campaigns.

EPSS for the CVE rose sharply from lower values after disclosure to a peak of 0.9684 on 2023-04-08 before receding to the current score of 0.7320, indicating sustained post-disclosure exploitation interest that warrants continued attention.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Windows Print Spooler Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

CWE(s)
KEV Date Added
25 March 2022

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1034 Path Interception Persistence
**This technique has been deprecated.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1547.009 Shortcut Modification Persistence
Adversaries may create or modify shortcuts that can execute a program during system boot or user login.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2021-40444Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507both on KEV
CVE-2015-0016Same product: Microsoft Windows 7both on KEV
CVE-2021-27065Same vendor: Microsoftboth on KEV
CVE-2024-49082Same product: Microsoft Windows 10 1507
CVE-2024-57728Shared CWE-22, CWE-59both on KEV
CVE-2020-36193Shared CWE-22, CWE-59both on KEV
CVE-2022-30333Shared CWE-22, CWE-59both on KEV
CVE-2019-18187Same vendor: Microsoftboth on KEV
CVE-2024-7262Same vendor: Microsoftboth on KEV
CVE-2021-20023Same vendor: Microsoftboth on KEV

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10 1507
≤ 10.0.10240.19204
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.4946
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.2565
microsoft
windows 10 1909
≤ 10.0.18363.2094
microsoft
windows 10 20h2
≤ 10.0.19042.1526
microsoft
windows 10 21h1
≤ 10.0.19043.1526
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.1526
microsoft
windows 11 21h2
≤ 10.0.22000.493
microsoft
windows 7
all versions
microsoft
windows 8.1
all versions
+7 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.3.2
  • V15.4.2

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-22

Validates pathnames and filenames to prevent traversal outside intended directories.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require code to validate paths and avoid unsafe link following.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching/maintenance can remediate known path-traversal flaws in deployed software (partial prevention of exploitability) but does nothing to stop the coding defect from being introduced in the first place.

PR.AA-05 none match
prevents

PR.AA-05 defines and reviews access policies but does not address code-level pathname neutralization, so neither direction prevents CWE-22.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches path traversal via static/dynamic analysis.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and path sanitization that directly prevent path traversal.

prevents

Application security requirements include rules for safe file handling and canonicalization.

prevents

Secure architecture principles require least-privilege file access and directory isolation.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe path construction and mandate safe APIs.

mitigates

Information access restriction limits which files an application may read or write.

References