Cyber Resilience

CVE-2022-25075

RCE in Totolink A3000Ru Firmware v5.9c.2280_b20180512

Public PoCHigh EPSSRCECommand Injection
Published
24 February 2022
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.54 99th percentile
Risk Priority 88 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2022-25075 is a critical-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Totolink A3000Ru Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, ranked in the top 1% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and AC-3 (Access Enforcement) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2022-25075 is a command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) affecting the TOTOLink A3000RU router running firmware version V5.9c.2280_B20180512. The flaw resides in the Main function and permits arbitrary operating-system command execution when attacker-controlled input is processed through the QUERY_STRING parameter.

Unauthenticated attackers with network access can exploit the issue remotely without user interaction. Successful exploitation yields full control over the device, allowing arbitrary command execution that can result in confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts consistent with the CVSS 9.8 rating.

Public references consist of proof-of-concept details hosted on GitHub; no vendor advisory, firmware patch, or official mitigation guidance is referenced in the supplied information. The EPSS score stands at 0.4209 with an identical recorded peak, indicating sustained exploitation interest but without a documented post-disclosure rise from a low baseline.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

TOTOLink A3000RU V5.9c.2280_B20180512 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the "Main" function. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via the QUERY_STRING parameter.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

Likely ATT&CK TechniquesAI

Techniques this vulnerability likely enables, inferred from its description, weakness type, and attributed-actor tradecraft. Confidence is per-technique.

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Accessconfidence: HIGH
Unauthenticated remote command injection via the QUERY_STRING parameter directly enables exploitation of a public-facing network device.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Executionconfidence: HIGH
The vulnerability permits arbitrary operating-system command execution on the router.
inferred from description + CWE · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-2688Same product: Totolink A3000Ru
CVE-2025-2955Same product: Totolink A3000Ru
CVE-2024-7170Same product: Totolink A3000Ru
CVE-2025-28036Same product: Totolink A3000Ru
CVE-2025-28034Same product: Totolink A3000Ru
CVE-2025-28035Same product: Totolink A3000Ru
CVE-2024-24333Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-28138Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2023-52029Same vendor: Totolink
CVE-2025-28256Same vendor: Totolink

Affected Assets

totolink
a3000ru firmware
v5.9c.2280_b20180512

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)
  • SI-10 Information Input Validation
  • AC-3 Access Enforcement
Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)
  • SI-4 System Monitoring
Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly requires validation and sanitization of untrusted QUERY_STRING input to block OS command injection (CWE-78).

prevent

Enforces authentication and authorization checks before the Main function processes any QUERY_STRING parameter, eliminating the unauthenticated attack vector.

detect

Enables monitoring of web-interface inputs and resulting process execution to identify command-injection attempts or anomalous shell activity.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

detects

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

References