CVE-2022-28601
Published: 10 May 2022
Summary
CVE-2022-28601 is a medium-severity Incorrect Authorization (CWE-863) vulnerability in Lmsdoctor 2 Factor Authentication. Its CVSS base score is 6.5 (Medium).
Operationally, ranked in the top 9.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
The vulnerability is a two-factor authentication bypass in the Simple 2FA Plugin for Moodle by LMS Doctor. It stems from improper authorization checks that permit modification of the registered phone number through the profile.php endpoint, allowing an attacker to circumvent the SMS-based verification step entirely. The issue is tracked as CVE-2022-28601 with a CVSS 3.1 score of 6.5 and is associated with CWE-863.
An authenticated user with low privileges can exploit the flaw over the network by directly overwriting their own or another user's phone number in the profile settings. Successful exploitation grants the ability to receive verification codes intended for the target account, thereby achieving unauthorized access that bypasses the intended 2FA control while leaving confidentiality and availability unaffected.
The EPSS score has remained flat at 0.0558 with no material increase since disclosure, and no public information indicates active exploitation in the wild.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2022-33043
Vulnerability details
A Two-Factor Authentication (2FA) bypass vulnerability in "Simple 2FA Plugin for Moodle" by LMS Doctor allows remote attackers to overwrite the phone number used for confirmation via the profile.php file. Therefore, allowing them to bypass the phone verification mechanism.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Periodic review and update of procedures reduces incorrect authorization implementations over time.
Supervision identifies cases where authorization logic incorrectly permits unauthorized actions.
Defining permitted attribute values and auditing modifications reduces the chance of incorrect authorization outcomes due to tampered or missing labels.
The authorization process and usage restrictions help prevent incorrect authorization for remote access types.
Establishing configuration and connection requirements helps ensure correct rather than incorrect authorization for wireless access.
Establishing connection authorization processes for mobile devices helps ensure authorization decisions are correctly implemented rather than incorrect.
Monitoring account use, notifying on changes, and reviewing accounts for compliance corrects incorrect authorization assignments.
Ensures authorization decisions for external system use are correctly implemented and enforced.