CVE-2022-42953
Published: 25 December 2022
Summary
CVE-2022-42953 is a high-severity Forced Browsing (CWE-425) vulnerability in Zkteco Zmm200 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).
Operationally, ranked in the top 6.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
Deeper analysis
Certain ZKTeco biometric and access-control devices, including the ZEM500, ZEM510, ZEM560, ZEM760, ZEM600, ZEM800, ZEM720, and ZMM200-220-210 series running firmware prior to 8.88 or 15.00, expose sensitive information through unauthenticated direct requests to the endpoints form/DataApp?style=1 and form/DataApp?style=0. The issue is an instance of forced browsing (CWE-425) that permits remote retrieval of configuration or operational data without any credentials or user interaction.
An attacker with network access to an affected device can simply issue HTTP requests to the two URLs and obtain the disclosed information, resulting in a confidentiality breach rated at CVSS 7.5. No authentication, special privileges, or user interaction is required, allowing both opportunistic and targeted actors to harvest data from exposed devices.
Public advisories published in October 2022 and referenced on seclists.org and redteam-pentesting.de confirm that the vendors addressed the exposure by releasing firmware versions 8.88 for the ZEM series and 15.00 for the ZMM series; administrators are advised to apply these updates to eliminate the direct-access vectors.
The EPSS score for this CVE rose from a low baseline to a recorded peak of 0.1566, indicating a measurable increase in observed exploitation interest after disclosure.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2022-46008
Vulnerability details
Certain ZKTeco products (ZEM500-510-560-760, ZEM600-800, ZEM720, ZMM) allow access to sensitive information via direct requests for the form/DataApp?style=1 and form/DataApp?style=0 URLs. The affected versions may be before 8.88 (ZEM500-510-560-760, ZEM600-800, ZEM720) and 15.00 (ZMM200-220-210). The fixed versions are firmware version…
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8.88 (ZEM500-510-560-760, ZEM600-800, ZEM720) and firmware version 15.00 (ZMM200-220-210).
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Forcing a decision on every access request, including direct ones, reduces the exploitability of forced browsing by ensuring no unchecked access paths.
Forces all accesses through the reference monitor, preventing direct or forced requests that bypass checks.
Enforcing access for all logical requests prevents unauthorized direct access to protected resources.
Displaying the notification before further access on public systems prevents direct resource requests from bypassing the required system use terms and consent.
Decoy endpoints catch forced browsing and direct requests, deflecting attackers from legitimate resources while enabling analysis.
Blocks unauthorized direct requests or forced browsing by denying input access to non-authorized actors.