Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-1009

Path Traversal in Draytek Vigor2960 Firmware 1.5.1.4

Public PoCPath Traversal
Published
24 February 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
CVSS Score v3.1 6.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.16 97th percentile
Risk Priority 61 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-1009 is a medium-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Draytek Vigor2960 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 6.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked in the top 3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2023-1009 is a path traversal vulnerability, tracked as CWE-22, that affects the web management interface of the DrayTek Vigor 2960 router running firmware versions 1.5.1.4 and 1.5.1.5. The flaw resides in the sub_1DF14 function within /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi, where the "option" argument can be supplied with a traversal sequence such as "/../etc/passwd" to access files outside the intended directory. The issue was reported against an unsupported product line and carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 6.5.

An authenticated remote attacker with low privileges can send a crafted HTTP request to the web interface and retrieve sensitive files from the device, resulting in disclosure of confidential information such as system credentials. No user interaction is required, and a public exploit has been made available.

The listed references consist of a proof-of-concept disclosure and Vuldb entries; they contain no vendor advisory or patch information because the affected firmware is explicitly unsupported. The EPSS score rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.0576 before receding to its current value of 0.0345, indicating a period of increased exploitation interest after disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in DrayTek Vigor 2960 1.5.1.4/1.5.1.5. Affected is the function sub_1DF14 of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi of the component Web Management Interface. The manipulation of the argument option with…

more

the input /../etc/passwd- leads to path traversal. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-221742 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-6265Same product: Draytek Vigor2960
CVE-2023-1163Same vendor: Draytek
CVE-2021-20123Same vendor: Draytek
CVE-2024-23721Same vendor: Draytek
CVE-2021-20124Same vendor: Draytek
CVE-2025-21048Shared CWE-22
CVE-2026-23939Shared CWE-22
CVE-2024-7145Shared CWE-22
CVE-2023-42225Shared CWE-22
CVE-2024-33109Shared CWE-22

Affected Assets

draytek
vigor2960 firmware
1.5.1.4

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.3.2

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-22

Validates pathnames and filenames to prevent traversal outside intended directories.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching/maintenance can remediate known path-traversal flaws in deployed software (partial prevention of exploitability) but does nothing to stop the coding defect from being introduced in the first place.

PR.AA-05 none match
prevents

PR.AA-05 defines and reviews access policies but does not address code-level pathname neutralization, so neither direction prevents CWE-22.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development catches path traversal via static/dynamic analysis.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and path sanitization that directly prevent path traversal.

prevents

Application security requirements include rules for safe file handling and canonicalization.

prevents

Secure architecture principles require least-privilege file access and directory isolation.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe path construction and mandate safe APIs.

mitigates

Information access restriction limits which files an application may read or write.

References