CVE-2023-1831

A data action map identifies locations where sensitive information may be exposed to unauthorized actors during processing or transfer.

The media protection policy defines requirements and procedures to prevent unauthorized disclosure or access to sensitive information on media.

Policies mandate protection of CUI on external systems, directly reducing unauthorized exposure of sensitive information.

Out-of-band delivery transmits sensitive data on a separate path, directly reducing exposure to unauthorized actors on the primary channel.

Wireless link protection (encryption, directional transmission, etc.) directly prevents unauthorized actors from observing transmitted data.

Automated marking applies security attributes to system outputs, making it harder for attackers to exploit unmarked sensitive information leading to unauthorized exposure.

Proper attribute retention and permitted-value enforcement limits unauthorized actors from accessing sensitive information lacking correct labels.

Prevents unauthorized exposure of sensitive information by prohibiting untrusted external systems from processing or storing it.

Encryption of data-in-transit directly prevents cleartext transmission while the control also addresses integrity and availability.

A.5.10 only requires awareness, a topic-specific acceptable-use policy stating expected behaviours/monitoring, and procedures referencing classification and other controls; per the owner's explicit rule on labelling and similar dependency-style clauses, this does not itself prevent exposure (CWE-200) unless access/DLP/etc. act on it.

Requiring the return of all physical and electronic assets plus secure deletion of organizational data from personal devices reduces the chance that sensitive information remains accessible to departing personnel.

A.5.12 only defines and communicates a classification scheme so that protection needs can be understood; per the owner's explicit rule, labeling/classification does not itself prevent exposure and requires other controls (e.g. access enforcement) to act on it.

By requiring classification labels and metadata on all information assets, the control makes it harder for sensitive data to be inadvertently exposed because downstream systems and users can recognize and enforce handling rules based on those labels.

Requiring encryption, access controls, and recipient authentication for transfers directly reduces the chance that sensitive data reaches an unauthorized observer.