Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-21816

High

Published: 14 February 2023

Published
14 February 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.1636 95.0th percentile
Risk Priority 25 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2023-21816 is a high-severity Improper Input Validation (CWE-20) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2008. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 5.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

Windows Active Directory Domain Services API contains a denial-of-service vulnerability tracked as CVE-2023-21816. The flaw is present in the Active Directory Domain Services component of supported Windows Server releases and carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5, reflecting network attack vector, low attack complexity, and no required privileges or user interaction, with high impact on availability.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can send specially crafted requests to an affected domain controller, triggering the vulnerability and causing the Active Directory Domain Services API to stop responding. Successful exploitation results in a denial-of-service condition that disrupts authentication and directory operations for domain-joined systems without allowing data disclosure or integrity changes.

Microsoft’s Security Response Center advisory for CVE-2023-21816 directs administrators to apply the security updates released on the February 2023 Patch Tuesday, which address the input-validation issue underlying the flaw. The EPSS score reached a peak of 0.2072 and currently stands at 0.1636, indicating moderate but not sharply rising exploitation interest after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Windows Active Directory Domain Services API Denial of Service Vulnerability

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows 10
≤ 10.0.10240.19747
microsoft
windows 10 1607
≤ 10.0.14393.5717
microsoft
windows 10 1809
≤ 10.0.17763.4010
microsoft
windows 10 20h2
≤ 10.0.19042.2604
microsoft
windows 10 21h2
≤ 10.0.19044.2604
microsoft
windows 10 22h2
≤ 10.0.19045.2604
microsoft
windows 11 21h2
≤ 10.0.22000.1574
microsoft
windows 11 22h2
≤ 10.0.22621.1265
microsoft
windows server 2008
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
+3 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-20

Security testing and developer training directly verify and enforce proper input validation, reducing exploitability of injection and malformed-data weaknesses.

addresses: CWE-20

Security testing and evaluation at multiple SDLC stages directly detects missing or flawed input validation, with the required remediation process ensuring fixes are applied.

addresses: CWE-20

Directly implements checks on information inputs to reject invalid data before processing.

addresses: CWE-20

Spam protection mechanisms perform filtering and detection on inbound/outbound messages, directly compensating for missing or weak input validation of unsolicited content.

References