Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-23594

Critical

Published: 31 March 2023

Published
31 March 2023
Modified
18 February 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0663 91.4th percentile
Risk Priority 24 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2023-23594 is a critical-severity Incorrect Authorization (CWE-863) vulnerability in Sato-Global Cl4Nx Plus Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, ranked in the top 8.6% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis

An authentication bypass vulnerability affects the web client interface of SATO CL4NX printers running firmware versions prior to 1.13.3-u724_r2. The flaw, tracked as CVE-2023-23594 and assigned CWE-863, permits remote attackers to reach administrative functions without supplying valid credentials. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8, reflecting network-accessible exploitation with no required privileges or user interaction.

Unauthenticated attackers can directly invoke operations that should be restricted to authenticated users, including arbitrary file uploads and device configuration changes. Successful exploitation grants full control over the printer’s management interface, enabling persistent modifications or further lateral movement within the target environment.

Vendor disclosures and researcher reports recommend upgrading to firmware version 1.13.3-u724_r2 or later to eliminate the bypass. The associated EPSS score has remained flat at 0.0663 with no material increase since publication.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

An authentication bypass vulnerability in the web client interface for the CL4NX printer before firmware version 1.13.3-u724_r2 provides remote unauthenticated attackers with access to execute commands intended only for valid/authenticated users, such as file uploads and configuration changes.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

sato-global
cl4nx plus firmware
≤ 1.13.3-u724_r2

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-863

Periodic review and update of procedures reduces incorrect authorization implementations over time.

addresses: CWE-863

Supervision identifies cases where authorization logic incorrectly permits unauthorized actions.

addresses: CWE-863

Defining permitted attribute values and auditing modifications reduces the chance of incorrect authorization outcomes due to tampered or missing labels.

addresses: CWE-863

The authorization process and usage restrictions help prevent incorrect authorization for remote access types.

addresses: CWE-863

Establishing configuration and connection requirements helps ensure correct rather than incorrect authorization for wireless access.

addresses: CWE-863

Establishing connection authorization processes for mobile devices helps ensure authorization decisions are correctly implemented rather than incorrect.

addresses: CWE-863

Monitoring account use, notifying on changes, and reviewing accounts for compliance corrects incorrect authorization assignments.

addresses: CWE-863

Ensures authorization decisions for external system use are correctly implemented and enforced.

References