Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-23912

Ui Er-10X Firmware ≤ 2.0.9

Public PoC
Published
09 February 2023
Modified
24 March 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 8.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0089 56th percentile
Risk Priority 68 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-23912 is a high-severity Special Element Injection (CWE-75) vulnerability in Ui Er-10X Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Content Injection (T1659); ranked in the top 44% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A vulnerability, found in EdgeRouters Version 2.0.9-hotfix.5 and earlier and UniFi Security Gateways (USG) Version 4.4.56 and earlier with their DHCPv6 prefix delegation set to dhcpv6-stateless or dhcpv6-stateful, allows a malicious actor directly connected to the WAN interface of an…

more

affected device to create a remote code execution vulnerability.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1659 Content Injection Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-2375Same product: Ui Er-X
CVE-2023-2378Same product: Ui Er-X
CVE-2023-2374Same product: Ui Er-X
CVE-2023-2376Same product: Ui Er-X
CVE-2023-2377Same product: Ui Er-X
CVE-2023-2373Same product: Ui Er-X
CVE-2023-2379Same product: Ui Er-X
CVE-2024-37779Shared CWE-75, CWE-94
CVE-2024-27622Shared CWE-75, CWE-94
CVE-2026-21639Same vendor: Ui

Affected Assets

ui
usg firmware
≤ 4.4.57
ui
usg-pro-4 firmware
≤ 4.4.57
ui
er-10x firmware
2.0.9 · ≤ 2.0.9
ui
er-12 firmware
2.0.9 · ≤ 2.0.9
ui
er-12p firmware
2.0.9 · ≤ 2.0.9
ui
er-4 firmware
2.0.9 · ≤ 2.0.9
ui
er-6p firmware
2.0.9 · ≤ 2.0.9
ui
er-8-xg firmware
2.0.9 · ≤ 2.0.9
ui
er-x firmware
2.0.9 · ≤ 2.0.9
ui
er-x-sfp firmware
2.0.9 · ≤ 2.0.9

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.1

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-94

Makes persistent code injection into loaded programs impossible when the executable image itself resides on hardware-protected read-only media.

addresses: CWE-94

Dynamically generated code can be produced and executed inside the isolated chamber, preventing host compromise from code-injection payloads.

addresses: CWE-94

Validates inputs used in dynamic code generation to block injected directives.

addresses: CWE-94

Directly prevents execution of attacker-supplied code written into data memory regions.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require input sanitization to block special-element injection.

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing catches injection vulnerabilities but does not itself implement the sanitization fix.

A.8.15 Logging partial match
finds

Logging can record injection attempts for detection but does not prevent the weakness.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and sanitization practices that directly prevent special-element injection.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for controls against injection flaws including special-element handling.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce injection surfaces but do not prescribe the actual sanitization logic.

prevents

Secure coding standards require rigorous input sanitization, directly eliminating CWE-75.

References