Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-28247

Memory Safety in Microsoft Windows Server 2012 r2

Memory Safety
Published
11 April 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
View advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.016 73th percentile
Risk Priority 68 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-28247 is a high-severity Wrap or Wraparound (CWE-191) vulnerability in Microsoft Windows Server 2012. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 27% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2023-28247 is an information disclosure vulnerability affecting the Windows Network File System component. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 with a network attack vector, low attack complexity, and no requirements for authentication or user interaction, resulting in high impact to confidentiality while leaving integrity and availability unaffected. The underlying weakness is tracked under CWE-191.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can send specially crafted requests to an affected Windows system running NFS services and obtain sensitive information that would otherwise be inaccessible. Because the flaw requires no privileges or user assistance, exploitation can be performed from anywhere on the network that can reach the NFS endpoint.

Microsoft's Security Response Center advisory at the referenced URL details available security updates and configuration guidance for mitigating the issue. The EPSS score has remained flat at 0.1332 with no material increase since disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Windows Network File System Information Disclosure Vulnerability

CWE(s)
CWE-191NVD-CWE-noinfo

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
attack.mitre.org →
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
attack.mitre.org →
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1212 Exploitation for Credential Access Credential Access
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to collect credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-30011Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-30070Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-38074Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2026-49181Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2023-38162Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-30062Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2023-23400Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-30083Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2024-37979Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012
CVE-2023-29369Same product: Microsoft Windows Server 2012

Affected Assets

microsoft
windows server 2012
all versions, r2
microsoft
windows server 2016
all versions
microsoft
windows server 2019
all versions
microsoft
windows server 2022
all versions

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 full match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent integer underflow defects via input validation, bounds checking, and static analysis.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Vulnerability scanning and code analysis can surface underflow flaws after they are introduced.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching can remediate known underflow bugs once they are discovered in deployed software.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.29 Security testing in development and acceptance mostly match
finds

Security testing in development catches integer underflow defects before release.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle partial match
prevents

Secure development lifecycle mandates input validation and arithmetic checks that prevent integer underflow.

A.8.26 Application security requirements partial match
prevents

Application security requirements include bounds checking and safe arithmetic to avoid underflow conditions.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles partial match
prevents

Secure architecture principles require defensive coding patterns that mitigate integer wraparound risks.

A.8.28 Secure coding partial match
prevents

Secure coding standards directly prescribe safe integer handling and overflow/underflow prevention.

References