Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-28708

Medium

Published: 22 March 2023

Published
22 March 2023
Modified
04 November 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 4.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0011 28.9th percentile
Risk Priority 9 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2023-28708 is a medium-severity Unprotected Transport of Credentials (CWE-523) vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. Its CVSS base score is 4.3 (Medium).

Operationally, ranked at the 28.9th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

When using the RemoteIpFilter with requests received from a reverse proxy via HTTP that include the X-Forwarded-Proto header set to https, session cookies created by Apache Tomcat 11.0.0-M1 to 11.0.0.-M2, 10.1.0-M1 to 10.1.5, 9.0.0-M1 to 9.0.71 and 8.5.0 to 8.5.85…

more

did not include the secure attribute. This could result in the user agent transmitting the session cookie over an insecure channel. Older, EOL versions may also be affected.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

apache
tomcat
11.0.0 · 8.5.0 — 8.5.86 · 9.0.0 — 9.0.72 · 10.1.0 — 10.1.6

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-523

Using a distinct channel for credential transmission prevents unprotected transport over the application's normal communication path.

addresses: CWE-523

Requiring protected transport for credentials directly mitigates unprotected credential transmission over networks.

addresses: CWE-523

Prevents unprotected transport of credentials by mandating confidentiality mechanisms such as TLS for all sensitive data flows.

References