Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-52434

Race Condition in Apache Tomcat 9.0.0 – 9.0.107

Published
10 July 2025
Modified
17 June 2026
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.018 77th percentile
Risk Priority 61 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-52434 is a high-severity Race Condition (CWE-362) vulnerability in Apache Tomcat. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploitation for Privilege Escalation (T1068); ranked in the top 23% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SC-39 (Process Isolation) and SC-4 (Information in Shared System Resources) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2025-52434 is a race condition vulnerability arising from concurrent execution using shared resources with improper synchronization in Apache Tomcat when the APR/Native connector is in use. The flaw manifests particularly during client-initiated closes of HTTP/2 connections and affects Tomcat versions 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.106 as well as earlier end-of-life releases including 8.5.0 through 8.5.100.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can trigger the race condition over the network to produce a denial-of-service condition that impacts availability while leaving confidentiality and integrity unaffected.

Advisories from the Apache project and downstream distributions such as Debian state that users should upgrade to Tomcat 9.0.107, which contains the fix for the issue.

The associated EPSS score remains low and unchanged at 0.0120 with no material increase after disclosure.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition') vulnerability in Apache Tomcat when using the APR/Native connector. This was particularly noticeable with client initiated closes of HTTP/2 connections. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.106. The…

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following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 through 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 9.0.107, which fixes the issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-52520Same product: Apache Tomcat
CVE-2026-41293Same product: Apache Tomcat
CVE-2026-24733Same product: Apache Tomcat
CVE-2025-48989Same product: Apache Tomcat
CVE-2025-61795Same product: Apache Tomcat
CVE-2026-32990Same product: Apache Tomcat
CVE-2025-66614Same product: Apache Tomcat
CVE-2026-55956Same product: Apache Tomcat
CVE-2026-43515Same product: Apache Tomcat
CVE-2026-66299Same product: Apache Tomcat

Affected Assets

apache
tomcat
9.0.0 — 9.0.107

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V10.4.2
  • V10.4.5
  • V15.1.3
  • V15.4.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Maintaining separate execution domains for each process structurally eliminates unintended concurrent access to the same shared resources.

Preventing unintended information transfer through shared system resources directly addresses the improper concurrent modification that defines a race condition.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require proper synchronization primitives and concurrency testing that prevent race conditions.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect race conditions, but does not prevent them at design or coding time.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates concurrency controls and synchronization primitives that directly prevent race conditions.

prevents

Application security requirements can specify thread-safety and locking rules, but do not prescribe implementation details.

prevents

Secure architecture principles require proper synchronization and resource isolation, addressing the root cause of CWE-362.

prevents

Secure coding standards explicitly forbid unsafe concurrent access patterns and mandate atomic operations or locks.

none

Change management reduces introduction of concurrency bugs during updates, yet does not address the weakness itself.

References