CVE-2023-28765
Published: 11 April 2023
Summary
CVE-2023-28765 is a critical-severity Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor (CWE-200) vulnerability in Sap Businessobjects Business Intelligence. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, ranked in the top 25.0% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
Deeper analysis
CVE-2023-28765 affects the Promotion Management component of SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence Platform in versions 420 and 430. The flaw permits an attacker who already holds basic privileges to obtain an lcmbiar file, decrypt it, and thereby retrieve stored BI user passwords that can be used to perform arbitrary operations within the application.
An attacker with network access and basic privileges can exploit the issue without user interaction to extract credentials and, depending on the scope of the compromised accounts, fully take over the BI platform. The CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 reflects the combination of network attack vector, low complexity, and high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
SAP security notes 3298961 and the associated support documents describe the patches and configuration steps required to address the exposure. The EPSS score rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.1157 on 2026-02-05 before receding, indicating a period of increased exploitation interest after disclosure.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-32400
Vulnerability details
An attacker with basic privileges in SAP BusinessObjects Business Intelligence Platform (Promotion Management) - versions 420, 430, can get access to lcmbiar file and further decrypt the file. After this attacker can gain access to BI user’s passwords and depending…
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on the privileges of the BI user, the attacker can perform operations that can completely compromise the application.
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Likely Mitigating Controls AI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Automated marking applies security attributes to system outputs, making it harder for attackers to exploit unmarked sensitive information leading to unauthorized exposure.
Proper attribute retention and permitted-value enforcement limits unauthorized actors from accessing sensitive information lacking correct labels.
Prevents unauthorized exposure of sensitive information by prohibiting untrusted external systems from processing or storing it.
By enforcing authorization matching prior to sharing, the control reduces the risk of exposing sensitive information to unauthorized actors.
Review and removal of nonpublic information from publicly accessible systems directly prevents exposure of sensitive data to unauthorized actors.
Data mining protection mechanisms detect and block unauthorized bulk extraction of sensitive data, directly mitigating exposure to unauthorized actors.
Literacy training teaches users to recognize and avoid actions that result in unauthorized exposure of sensitive information.
Retaining and monitoring training records confirms personnel have completed privacy and security awareness training on handling sensitive data, reducing the chance of unauthorized exposure due to lack of knowledge.