CVE-2023-31345

High

Published: 12 February 2025

Published

12 February 2025

Modified

15 April 2026

KEV Added

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Patch

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CVSS Score v3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

EPSS Score 0.0004 13.6th percentile

Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2023-31345 is a high-severity Improper Access Control for Volatile Memory Containing Boot Code (CWE-1274) vulnerability in Amd (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique System Firmware (T1542.001); ranked at the 13.6th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SI-10 (Information Input Validation) and SI-2 (Flaw Remediation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2023-31345 involves improper input validation in the SMM handler, which may allow a privileged attacker to overwrite SMRAM, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution. This vulnerability, associated with CWE-1274, affects AMD platforms, as documented in multiple AMD security bulletins.

Exploitation requires local access (AV:L), high attack complexity (AC:H), and high privileges (PR:H), with no user interaction (UI:N). A successful attack can achieve high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H) within a changed scope (S:C), yielding a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5.

AMD has published security bulletins, including AMD-SB-3009, AMD-SB-4008, and AMD-SB-5004, which detail mitigations and patches to address this issue. The vulnerability was published on 2025-02-12.

EU & UK References

🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2023-35656

Vulnerability details

Improper input validation in the SMM handler may allow a privileged attacker to overwrite SMRAM, potentially leading to arbitrary code execution.

CWE(s): CWE-1274

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1542.001 System Firmware Stealth

Adversaries may modify system firmware to persist on systems.

attack.mitre.org →

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation

Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.

attack.mitre.org →

Why these techniques?

Improper input validation in SMM handler enables SMRAM overwrite for arbitrary code execution at firmware level (T1542.001) and privilege escalation (T1068).

Confidence: MEDIUM · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1