Cyber Resilience

CVE-2025-59404

Flocksafety Bravo Compute Box Firmware

Public PoC
Published
25 September 2025
Modified
23 October 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0040 33th percentile
Risk Priority 57 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2025-59404 is a high-severity Improper Access Control for Volatile Memory Containing Boot Code (CWE-1274) vulnerability in Flocksafety Bravo Compute Box Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Pre-OS Boot (T1542); ranked at the 33th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as Mobile/Edge AI; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-6 (Least Privilege) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Flock Safety Bravo Edge AI Compute Device BRAVO_00.00_local_20241017 ships with its bootloader unlocked. This permits bypass of Android Verified Boot (AVB) and allows direct modification of partitions.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
Mobile/Edge AI
Risk Domain
Supply Chain and Deployment
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: ai

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1542 Pre-OS Boot Stealth
Adversaries may abuse Pre-OS Boot mechanisms as a way to establish persistence on a system.
T1542.003 Bootkit Stealth
Adversaries may use bootkits to persist on systems.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-59408Same product: Flocksafety Bravo Compute Box Firmware
CVE-2025-59402Same product: Flocksafety Bravo Compute Box Firmware
CVE-2023-31345Shared CWE-1274
CVE-2025-4043Shared CWE-1274
CVE-2025-59406Same vendor: Flocksafety
CVE-2025-29950Shared CWE-1274
CVE-2025-59694Shared CWE-1274
CVE-2025-59405Same vendor: Flocksafety
CVE-2025-59407Same vendor: Flocksafety
CVE-2024-36345Shared CWE-1274

Affected Assets

flocksafety
bravo compute box firmware
all versions

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

AC-3 directly enforces access authorizations on system resources including the volatile memory region holding boot code.

AC-6 restricts privileges so that only authorized processes can access the volatile memory containing boot code.

SC-3 isolates security functions such as boot code from non-security code, structurally preventing unauthorized access to the VM region.

SC-39 maintains separate execution domains that can isolate bootloader code loaded into volatile memory.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.DS-10 mostly match
prevents

PR.DS-10 directly requires protecting data-in-use (including VM) from unauthorized access, eliminating most of this specific boot-code exposure, yet the weakness also spans secure-boot process design and NVM-to-VM transfer that one general data-protection outcome does not fully close.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.8.15 Logging partial match
finds

Logging can detect unauthorized writes to volatile memory but does not prevent the weakness.

mitigates

Restricting privileged utilities reduces the chance of tampering with boot code in volatile memory.

prevents

Privileged access rights can limit who or what can write to volatile memory used for boot code.

prevents

Secure system architecture principles include memory protection mechanisms that can mitigate this weakness.

prevents

Information access restriction directly addresses unauthorized access to volatile memory holding boot code.

References