Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-31472

HighPublic PoC

Published: 09 May 2023

Published
09 May 2023
Modified
29 January 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
EPSS Score 0.2662 96.5th percentile
Risk Priority 31 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2023-31472 is a high-severity Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling (CWE-770) vulnerability in Gl-Inet Gl-S20 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, ranked in the top 3.5% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis

CVE-2023-31472 affects GL.iNet devices running firmware versions prior to 3.216. The flaw is an arbitrary file write that permits creation of an empty file at any filesystem path, stemming from a command injection vulnerability that is only partially mitigated by an input filter. It carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 and is associated with CWE-770.

An unauthenticated attacker with network access can exploit the issue to write empty files anywhere on the device. This grants high-integrity impact without requiring user interaction, though confidentiality and availability are not directly affected according to the provided scoring.

Public references consist of a GL.iNet advisory page and a detailed GitHub repository entry describing the Arbitrary_File_Creation issue for firmware 3.215; these resources are the primary sources for any vendor-supplied patches or workarounds. The associated EPSS values have remained in a narrow band around 0.27 with no pronounced rise after disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

An issue was discovered on GL.iNet devices before 3.216. There is an arbitrary file write in which an empty file can be created anywhere on the filesystem. This is caused by a command injection vulnerability with a filter applied.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

No named actor attribution yet. ATT&CK technique mapping in progress for this CVE.

Affected Assets

gl-inet
gl-s20 firmware
≤ 3.216
gl-inet
gl-x3000 firmware
≤ 3.216
gl-inet
gl-mt3000 firmware
≤ 3.216
gl-inet
gl-mt2500 firmware
≤ 3.216
gl-inet
gl-mt2500a firmware
≤ 3.216
gl-inet
gl-axt1800 firmware
≤ 3.216
gl-inet
gl-a1300 firmware
≤ 3.216
gl-inet
gl-ax1800 firmware
≤ 3.216
gl-inet
gl-sft1200 firmware
≤ 3.216
gl-inet
gl-mt1300 firmware
≤ 3.216
+22 more product configuration(s) — see NVD for full list

Mitigating Controls

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-770

This control implements explicit throttling on session allocation, addressing the weakness of allocating resources without limits.

addresses: CWE-770

Plan testing exercises resource allocation limits and throttling during simulated failures, directly addressing weaknesses that allow unbounded resource use.

addresses: CWE-770

Contingency plan updates ensure recovery strategies address unbounded resource allocation, making it harder for attackers to exploit lack of throttling to cause prolonged outages.

addresses: CWE-770

Provides continuity when unbounded resource allocation at the primary site leads to exhaustion and downtime.

addresses: CWE-770

Alternate services allow operations to continue when primary allocation of resources lacks limits or throttling.

addresses: CWE-770

Explicit planning of security-related actions requires defining limits, windows, and resource allocations, making allocation without throttling far less likely.

addresses: CWE-770

Measures of performance include tracking allocation behavior and throttling effectiveness, reducing the window for resource exhaustion attacks.

addresses: CWE-770

Imposes an inactivity-based limit on network resource allocation, throttling the number of concurrently held connections.

References