Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-37013

HighPublic PoC

Published: 22 January 2025

Published
22 January 2025
Modified
22 April 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.3 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
EPSS Score 0.0020 42.1th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2023-37013 is a high-severity Reachable Assertion (CWE-617) vulnerability in Open5Gs Open5Gs. Its CVSS base score is 7.3 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 42.1th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 SC-5 (Denial-of-service Protection) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2023-37013 affects Open5GS MME versions up to and including 2.6.4. The vulnerability involves an assertion failure that can be remotely triggered by sending a sufficiently large ASN.1 packet over the S1AP interface. This causes the ogs_sctp_recvmsg routine to encounter an unexpected network state, resulting in a crash and denial of service. The issue is classified under CWE-617 (Reachable Assertion) with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability by repeatedly sending oversized ASN.1 packets over the S1AP interface. This triggers the assertion failure and crashes the MME component, leading to a denial of service. The CVSS vector indicates potential low-impact confidentiality and integrity effects alongside the availability impact, though the primary outcome described is service disruption.

Mitigation details and further advisories are available in the reference at https://cellularsecurity.org/ransacked.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

Open5GS MME versions <= 2.6.4 contains an assertion that can be remotely triggered via a sufficiently large ASN.1 packet over the S1AP interface. An attacker may repeatedly send such an oversized packet to cause the `ogs_sctp_recvmsg` routine to reach an…

more

unexpected network state and crash, leading to denial of service.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

Remote unauthenticated exploitation of reachable assertion in exposed S1AP service directly enables application/system crash for DoS impact.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-37023Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2024-24427Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2024-24428Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2023-37019Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2025-15530Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2023-37020Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2024-24429Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2026-2523Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2024-24430Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs
CVE-2024-34235Same product: Open5Gs Open5Gs

Affected Assets

open5gs
open5gs
≤ 2.6.4

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Timely flaw remediation addresses the specific assertion failure in Open5GS MME's ogs_sctp_recvmsg routine triggered by oversized S1AP ASN.1 packets.

prevent

Input validation rejects oversized or malformed ASN.1 packets over the S1AP interface before they cause the assertion failure and crash.

prevent

Denial-of-service protections such as rate limiting or maximum packet size enforcement on S1AP mitigate repeated oversized packet attacks leading to MME crashes.

References