Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-4480

Path Traversal in Php-Fusion Phpfusion ≤ 9.10.30

Published
05 September 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
CVSS Score v3.1 5.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0057 44th percentile
Risk Priority 43 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-4480 is a medium-severity Insertion of Sensitive Information into Externally-Accessible File or Directory (CWE-538) vulnerability in Php-Fusion Phpfusion. Its CVSS base score is 5.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Credentials In Files (T1552.001); ranked at the 44th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Due to an out-of-date dependency in the “Fusion File Manager” component accessible through the admin panel, an attacker can send a crafted request that allows them to read the contents of files on the system accessible within the privileges of…

more

the running process. Additionally, they may write files to arbitrary locations, provided the files pass the application’s mime-type and file extension validation.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1552.001 Credentials In Files Credential Access
Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1552 Unsecured Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-31558Shared CWE-538
CVE-2026-15574Shared CWE-538
CVE-2025-46602Shared CWE-538
CVE-2025-12699Shared CWE-538
CVE-2025-8452Shared CWE-538
CVE-2025-36372Shared CWE-538
CVE-2025-36051Shared CWE-538
CVE-2025-27150Shared CWE-538
CVE-2025-31550Shared CWE-538
CVE-2023-7062Shared CWE-538

Affected Assets

php-fusion
phpfusion
≤ 9.10.30

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 2 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V5.3.2
  • V14.1.2
  • V14.2.8

Likely Mitigating Controls AI

Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.

addresses: CWE-538

Pre- and post-publication reviews prevent insertion of sensitive information into externally-accessible public locations.

addresses: CWE-538

Monitors for sensitive information placed in externally accessible files or directories.

addresses: CWE-538

The map shows if data actions result in sensitive information being placed in externally accessible locations.

addresses: CWE-538

Isolation and eradication reduce the ability to exploit sensitive information inserted into externally-accessible files or directories.

addresses: CWE-538

Approved categorization forces identification of externally accessible files that contain sensitive content so they receive proper protection.

addresses: CWE-538

The pre-implementation review identifies externally accessible files or directories containing PII and drives access restrictions or removal.

addresses: CWE-22

Validates pathnames and filenames to prevent traversal outside intended directories.

addresses: CWE-538

Tainting makes it possible to determine when sensitive data has been removed from externally accessible files or directories.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.AA-05 mostly match
prevents

Least-privilege file and directory permissions directly prevent unauthorized actors from reading sensitive data placed in accessible locations.

PR.DS-01 mostly match
prevents

Protecting data-at-rest encompasses file-level access controls and encryption that stop exposure of sensitive information in externally reachable paths.

PR.PS-01 partial match
prevents

Hardened configuration baselines and ongoing config management reduce the chance that sensitive data is written to world-readable files or directories.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Patching/maintenance can remediate known path-traversal flaws in deployed software (partial prevention of exploitability) but does nothing to stop the coding defect from being introduced in the first place.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

prevents

By ensuring that only the minimum necessary data is present in files or directories that may be reachable by external parties, the control lowers the impact of any subsequent exposure.

finds

Security testing in development catches path traversal via static/dynamic analysis.

mitigates

Requiring visible or metadata labels on classified information helps ensure that files placed in externally accessible locations still carry an explicit sensitivity marker, lowering the likelihood of unnoticed exposure.

mitigates

The control’s requirement to remove or securely destroy information stored in externally accessible locations reduces the risk of sensitive data being left in files or directories that external parties can reach.

prevents

Secure SDLC mandates input validation and path sanitization that directly prevent path traversal.

prevents

Application security requirements include rules for safe file handling and canonicalization.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (1 rule)
  • V-248579 OL 8 must restrict access to the kernel message buffer. prevents CWE-538
RHEL 8 (1 rule)
  • V-230269 RHEL 8 must restrict access to the kernel message buffer. prevents CWE-538

References