Cyber Resilience

CVE-2023-45239

Facebook Tac Plus ≤ 2023-10-05

Public PoC
Published
06 October 2023
Modified
21 November 2024
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.018 77th percentile
Risk Priority 88 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2023-45239 is a critical-severity Improper Filtering of Special Elements (CWE-790) vulnerability in Facebook Tac Plus. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique PowerShell (T1059.001); ranked in the top 23% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

A lack of input validation in tac_plus prior to commit 4fdf178 permits command injection when pre-auth or post-auth commands are enabled. The affected component is the Facebook-maintained tac_plus TACACS+ server, which processes untrusted values for username, rem-addr, and NAC address fields without sanitization.

An unauthenticated network attacker who can influence any of those three fields can inject arbitrary shell commands and obtain remote code execution on the tac_plus server. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8, reflecting network-accessible exploitation with no required credentials or user interaction.

Advisories published with the GitHub security notice GHSA-p334-5r3g-4vx3 and the associated pull request recommend upgrading to a build that includes commit 4fdf178; downstream distributions such as Fedora have issued corresponding package updates that apply the same fix.

EPSS for the CVE rose from a low baseline to a peak of 0.3589, indicating increased exploitation interest after public disclosure.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A lack of input validation exists in tac_plus prior to commit 4fdf178 which, when pre or post auth commands are enabled, allows an attacker who can control the username, rem-addr, or NAC address sent to tac_plus to inject shell commands…

more

and gain remote code execution on the tac_plus server.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1659 Content Injection Initial Access
Adversaries may gain access and continuously communicate with victims by injecting malicious content into systems through online network traffic.
T1674 Input Injection Execution
Adversaries may simulate keystrokes on a victim’s computer by various means to perform any type of action on behalf of the user, such as launching the command interpreter using keyboard shortcuts, typing an inline script to be executed,…
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-5585Same product: Fedoraproject Fedora
CVE-2025-27260Shared CWE-790
CVE-2024-6540Shared CWE-790
CVE-2025-0431Shared CWE-790
CVE-2023-22578Shared CWE-790
CVE-2024-47984Shared CWE-790
CVE-2024-31616Shared CWE-790
CVE-2024-43443Shared CWE-790
CVE-2026-11331Shared CWE-790
CVE-2026-2328Shared CWE-790

Affected Assets

facebook
tac plus
≤ 2023-10-05
fedoraproject
fedora
39

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require proper sanitization and filtering of special elements before data passes downstream.

ID.RA-01 partial match
prevents

Identifying recorded vulnerabilities can surface missing input filters during code or configuration review.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect improper filtering but does not itself implement the filtering control.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and sanitization that directly prevents improper filtering of special elements.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for input validation controls that mitigate improper special-element filtering.

prevents

Secure system architecture and engineering principles include defensive input handling that reduces the risk of unfiltered special elements.

prevents

Secure coding standards require proper filtering and encoding of special elements before downstream processing.

References