Security Resilience

CVE-2023-49074

Tp-Link Eap225 Firmware 5.1.0

Public PoC
Published
09 April 2024
Modified
04 November 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 7.4
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.13 96th percentile
Risk Priority 66 floored blend · peak EPSS

CVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.

Summary

CVE-2023-49074 is a high-severity Exposed Dangerous Method or Function (CWE-749) vulnerability in Tp-Link Eap225 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.4 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Junk Data (T1001.001); ranked in the top 4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and AC-6 (Least Privilege) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

A denial of service vulnerability exists in the TDDP functionality of the Tp-Link AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point model EAP225 V3 running firmware version 5.1.0 Build 20220926. A specially crafted series of network requests can trigger a factory reset of the device. The issue is tracked as CVE-2023-49074 with a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.4 and is associated with CWE-749.

An unauthenticated attacker on the network can send a sequence of packets to exploit the flaw, resulting in high impact to integrity and availability through the forced reset to factory defaults. The attack requires no user interaction and can be performed remotely, though the CVSS vector notes high attack complexity.

The EPSS score for this CVE has remained flat at a low value of 0.0580 with no material increase after disclosure. No information on patches, workarounds, or real-world exploitation activity is provided in the available references.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A01:2025 Broken Access Control

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

A denial of service vulnerability exists in the TDDP functionality of Tp-Link AC1350 Wireless MU-MIMO Gigabit Access Point (EAP225 V3) v5.1.0 Build 20220926. A specially crafted series of network requests can lead to reset to factory settings. An attacker can…

more

send a sequence of unauthenticated packets to trigger this vulnerability.

CWE(s)
CWE-749NVD-CWE-noinfo

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1001.001 Junk Data Command And Control
Adversaries may add junk data to protocols used for command and control to make detection more difficult.
attack.mitre.org →
T1003.007 Proc Filesystem Credential Access
Adversaries may gather credentials from the proc filesystem or `/proc`.
attack.mitre.org →
T1010 Application Window Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may attempt to get a listing of open application windows.
attack.mitre.org →
T1016.002 Wi-Fi Discovery Discovery
Adversaries may search for information about Wi-Fi networks, such as network names and passwords, on compromised systems.
attack.mitre.org →
T1025 Data from Removable Media Collection
Adversaries may search connected removable media on computers they have compromised to find files of interest.
attack.mitre.org →
T1027.002 Software Packing Stealth
Adversaries may perform software packing or virtual machine software protection to conceal their code.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2023-49908Same product: Tp-Link Eap225
CVE-2023-49909Same product: Tp-Link Eap225
CVE-2023-49906Same product: Tp-Link Eap225
CVE-2023-48724Same product: Tp-Link Eap225
CVE-2023-49133Same product: Tp-Link Eap225
CVE-2023-49134Same product: Tp-Link Eap225
CVE-2023-49913Same product: Tp-Link Eap225
CVE-2023-49911Same product: Tp-Link Eap225
CVE-2023-49910Same product: Tp-Link Eap225
CVE-2023-49907Same product: Tp-Link Eap225

Affected Assets

tp-link
eap225 firmware
5.1.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 4 hardening rules · 2 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V8.2.1

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

AC-3 Access Enforcement good match

Access enforcement directly stops unauthorized callers from invoking dangerous API methods or functions.

AC-6 Least Privilege good match

Least privilege restricts which users or processes may reach dangerous methods, limiting exposure.

CM-7 Least Functionality good match

Least functionality removes or disables non-essential dangerous methods from the exposed interface altogether.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

ID.RA-01 partial match
blocks

Vulnerability identification processes will surface exposed dangerous methods during assessment.

PR.AA-05 partial match
blocks

Enforcing least-privilege authorization directly prevents unrestricted dangerous API methods.

PR.IR-01 partial match
blocks

Logical access controls at the network/environment layer can limit reachability of exposed functions.

PR.PS-06 partial match
blocks

Secure SDLC practices stop developers from exposing dangerous functions in the first place.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.5.14 Information transfer partial match
removes
A.5.15 Access control partial match
removes
A.5.16 Identity management partial match
removes
A.5.17 Authentication information partial match
removes
A.5.18 Access rights partial match
removes
A.8.10 Information deletion partial match
removes

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (higher-evidence rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Ubuntu 22.04 (3 rules)
  • V-260559 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must ensure only users who need access to security functions are part of sudo group. blocks CWE-749
  • V-260529 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must be configured so that remote X connections are disabled, unless to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. blocks CWE-749
  • V-260557 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must be configured to use AppArmor. blocks CWE-749
Ubuntu 24.04 (1 rule)
  • V-270748 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS must ensure only users who need access to security functions are part of sudo group. blocks CWE-749

References