CVE-2023-51390

Security training teaches access control policies and enforcement, reducing improper access control implementations.

Requiring formal approval, documented controls, and responsibilities for inter-system exchanges directly enforces proper access control between systems.

Mapping data actions reveals potential improper access controls by showing who can perform actions on data.

Restrictive configuration settings implement and enforce proper access controls on system components.

Policy and procedures establish documented access controls and responsibilities for media, reducing improper access.

Requiring external providers to implement and be monitored against organizational access-control requirements directly reduces the likelihood of improper access control across trust boundaries.

Authorizing and controlling VoIP use directly enforces access control decisions over a distinct communication technology.

The access control policy and procedures directly mandate and enforce proper access control mechanisms across the organization.

Encryption of data-in-transit directly prevents cleartext transmission while the control also addresses integrity and availability.

Explicitly calls for removing confidential data from processes, logs, and memory dumps that debug code commonly exposes.

Hardened configuration baselines and deployment checks can ensure debug features and associated data are disabled in production.

Secure SDLC practices directly prevent developers from embedding sensitive information inside debugging statements or code paths.

A.5.1 only requires that an information security policy and topic-specific policies (including on access control) exist and are reviewed; it does not itself enforce, implement or act on any access restriction, so the weakness can still be exploited (per the owner's explicit rule that governance/dependency clauses score none on effect verbs).

Mandating cryptographic protection and stronger authentication on public networks stops the transmission of plaintext sensitive information.

A.5.15 directly mandates determining requirements, defining/implementing topic-specific access control policy+rules (with explicit references to 8.3, 5.16, 5.18), and enforcing authorized access while preventing unauthorized access, which squarely stops exploitation of most CWE-284 instances; the bounded remainder is the physical slice (explicitly delegated to 7.2-7.4) plus any second-order defects like path traversal that are not authorization decisions.

A.5.16's identity lifecycle (unique binding, timely disable/remove, no duplicates, oversight of shared/non-human) directly stops most improper access by ensuring the actor in an access decision is correctly identified and authorized; the bounded remainder is non-identity mechanisms in CWE-284 such as path traversal or CSRF that do not turn on actor identity at all.

A.5.18 directly governs the provisioning, review, adjustment and timely revocation of both physical and logical access rights per business rules, segregation of duties and risk-evaluated changes/terminations; this stops most unauthorized-actor exploitation paths named by CWE-284, with a bounded remainder (e.g. path-traversal or CSRF cases that are not authorization decisions at all)