Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-12856

RCE in Four-Faith F3X36 Firmware 2.0

Public PoCHigh EPSSRCECommand Injection
Published
27 December 2024
Modified
25 September 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 7.2
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.82 99.6th percentile
Risk Priority 79 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-12856 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Four-Faith F3X36 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 7.2 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 0.4% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to CM-6 (Configuration Settings) and IA-5 (Authenticator Management) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

CVE-2024-12856 affects Four-Faith F3x24 and F3x36 router models running firmware version 2.0. The flaw is an OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) that occurs when an authenticated user modifies the system time through the apply.cgi endpoint over HTTP. The same firmware ships with default credentials (CWE-1392), which can convert the issue into unauthenticated remote command execution if left unchanged. The vulnerability carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 7.2.

An attacker with valid administrative credentials on an exposed management interface can supply crafted input to the system-time parameter and execute arbitrary operating-system commands. When default credentials remain in place, the same actions become possible without authentication, granting full control over the affected device.

Public references from VulnCheck describe the issue and note the combination of command injection and unchanged defaults as the primary risk factors. No vendor-supplied patches or official mitigation steps are detailed in the available references.

The EPSS score has remained at its peak value of 0.7731 since disclosure, indicating sustained but not newly emerging exploitation interest.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

The Four-Faith router models F3x24 and F3x36 are affected by an operating system (OS) command injection vulnerability. At least firmware version 2.0 allows authenticated and remote attackers to execute arbitrary OS commands over HTTP when modifying the system time via…

more

apply.cgi. Additionally, this firmware version has default credentials which, if not changed, would effectively change this vulnerability into an unauthenticated and remote OS command execution issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1078.001 Default Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1078 Valid Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of existing accounts as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-9643Same product: Four-Faith F3X36
CVE-2024-9644Same product: Four-Faith F3X36
CVE-2023-6308Same vendor: Four-Faith
CVE-2025-10709Same vendor: Four-Faith
CVE-2025-11018Same vendor: Four-Faith
CVE-2025-10708Same vendor: Four-Faith
CVE-2023-3805Same vendor: Four-Faith
CVE-2024-39345Shared CWE-78
CVE-2024-50390Shared CWE-78
CVE-2024-0292Shared CWE-78

Affected Assets

four-faith
f3x36 firmware
2.0
four-faith
f3x24 firmware
2.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V13.2.1
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Secure configuration settings establish baselines that prohibit default credentials on system components.

Authenticator management requires verification of identity and secure distribution of initial authenticators, directly stopping default credentials from being left in place.

Vulnerability scanning can discover default credentials after deployment but does not stop their introduction.

Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.

Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.

Account management processes include assignment and control of initial account credentials, reducing the chance defaults remain active.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-01 full match
prevents

Hardened baselines and configuration management explicitly prohibit default credentials on deployed systems.

PR.AA-01 mostly match
prevents

Credential management processes directly require replacing or disabling default passwords and keys.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.AA-03 partial match
prevents

Authentication policies can enforce non-default credential strength but do not explicitly address initial deployment defaults.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.

prevents

The requirement to replace vendor default authentication information immediately after installation directly counters the use of default credentials that attackers commonly target.

References