Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:NCVSS and EPSS are reproduced from their sources (NVD, FIRST EPSS). Risk Priority is our own derived reading, not an NVD score.
Summary
CVE-2024-1728 is a high-severity Path Traversal (CWE-22) vulnerability in Gradio Project Gradio. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Data Obfuscation (T1001); ranked in the top 0.3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.
This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as Machine Learning Libraries; in the Privacy and Disclosure risk domain.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
Gradio-app/gradio contains a path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) in the UploadButton component that stems from missing validation of user-supplied file paths. An unauthenticated attacker can supply a crafted path in requests to the /queue/join endpoint, causing the application to read or write files anywhere on the server filesystem, including sensitive files such as SSH private keys. The issue affects the handling of upload destinations and carries a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5.
Because the vulnerability is reachable without authentication or user interaction, an attacker who can reach a Gradio server can leverage it to exfiltrate arbitrary files and, under certain configurations, achieve remote code execution by placing attacker-controlled content in locations that are later executed.
Public references point to a fix merged in commit 16fbe9cd0cffa9f2a824a0165beb43446114eec7; administrators should update to a patched release that enforces proper path sanitization for uploaded files.
The CVE’s EPSS score has reached a peak of 0.8904 and currently stands at 0.8509, indicating sustained and substantial exploitation interest since disclosure.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2024-1079
Vulnerability Data
gradio-app/gradio is vulnerable to a local file inclusion vulnerability due to improper validation of user-supplied input in the UploadButton component. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability to read arbitrary files on the filesystem, such as private SSH keys, by manipulating the…
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file path in the request to the `/queue/join` endpoint. This issue could potentially lead to remote code execution. The vulnerability is present in the handling of file upload paths, allowing attackers to redirect file uploads to unintended locations on the server.
- CWE(s)
AI Security AnalysisAI
- AI Category
- Machine Learning Libraries
- Risk Domain
- Privacy and Disclosure
- OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
- None mapped
- Classification Reason
- Gradio is a Python library for creating web interfaces and demos for machine learning models, commonly used in AI/ML deployment workflows, fitting under Other Platforms as it supports model serving and interaction.
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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V5.3.2
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Enforces the intended directory access authorizations that path traversal would otherwise bypass.
Input validation directly neutralizes special path elements before pathname construction occurs.
Least privilege reduces the impact of any unauthorized file access obtained via traversal.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Patching/maintenance can remediate known path-traversal flaws in deployed software (partial prevention of exploitability) but does nothing to stop the coding defect from being introduced in the first place.
PR.AA-05 defines and reviews access policies but does not address code-level pathname neutralization, so neither direction prevents CWE-22.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.