CVE-2024-32651
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2024-32651 is a critical-severity Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine (CWE-1336) vulnerability in Hacktivesecurity (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 10.0 (Critical).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Template Injection (T1221); ranked in the top 0.3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
changedetection.io, an open source web page change detection and notification service, contains a Server Side Template Injection vulnerability in its Jinja2 templating component. The flaw, tracked as CVE-2024-32651 and assigned CWE-1336, permits unauthenticated remote command execution on the underlying host with a CVSS score of 10.0.
An attacker can supply malicious template input to run arbitrary system commands, including establishing reverse shells, resulting in full server compromise. The application does not require authentication by default, although placing the service behind a login page reduces exposure.
A fix is available in release 0.45.21, as noted in the project's GitHub advisory GHSA-4r7v-whpg-8rx3. Public analysis and proof-of-concept material have also been published by multiple researchers.
The EPSS score has remained consistently high, reaching a peak of 0.9261, indicating sustained exploitation interest following disclosure.
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2024-2939
Vulnerability Data
changedetection.io is an open source web page change detection, website watcher, restock monitor and notification service. There is a Server Side Template Injection (SSTI) in Jinja2 that allows Remote Command Execution on the server host. Attackers can run any system…
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command without any restriction and they could use a reverse shell. The impact is critical as the attacker can completely takeover the server machine. This can be reduced if changedetection is behind a login page, but this isn't required by the application (not by default and not enforced).
- CWE(s)
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
CVEs Like This One
Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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V1.3.2V1.3.7V1.3.10
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Developer testing and static analysis can discover missing neutralization of template directives.
Input validation rejects or sanitizes untrusted data before it reaches the template engine, stopping injection of special syntax.
Security engineering principles require use of safe templating APIs and proper escaping of external input.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Secure SDLC practices directly require proper input neutralization in template engines to prevent injection.
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Security testing can detect template-injection flaws but does not itself implement neutralization controls.
Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and sanitization that directly prevents template-injection weaknesses.
Application security requirements explicitly call for neutralizing special elements in template engines.
Secure architecture principles reduce the likelihood of unsafe template processing but do not prescribe specific neutralization techniques.
Secure coding standards require proper escaping or sandboxing of template directives, directly mitigating CWE-1336.