Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-33849

Exposed Creds

Exposed Creds
Published
28 May 2024
Modified
15 April 2026
CVSS Score v3.1 6.5
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0037 30th percentile
Risk Priority 50 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-33849 is a medium-severity Use of Hard-coded Cryptographic Key (CWE-321) vulnerability in Ci Solution (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 6.5 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Default Accounts (T1078.001); ranked at the 30th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to AC-5 (Separation of Duties) and IA-5 (Authenticator Management) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

A04:2025 Cryptographic FailuresA06:2025 Insecure DesignA07:2025 Authentication Failures

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

ci solution CI-Out-of-Office Manager through 6.0.0.77 uses a Hard-coded Cryptographic Key.

CWE(s)
CWE-321CWE-522CWE-657CWE-1391

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1078.001 Default Accounts Stealth
Adversaries may obtain and abuse credentials of a default account as a means of gaining Initial Access, Persistence, Privilege Escalation, or Defense Evasion.
attack.mitre.org →
T1110 Brute Force Credential Access
Adversaries may use brute force techniques to gain access to accounts when passwords are unknown or when password hashes are obtained.
attack.mitre.org →
T1110.001 Password Guessing Credential Access
Adversaries with no prior knowledge of legitimate credentials within the system or environment may guess passwords to attempt access to accounts.
attack.mitre.org →
T1552 Unsecured Credentials Credential Access
Adversaries may search compromised systems to find and obtain insecurely stored credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
T1552.001 Credentials In Files Credential Access
Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
T1552.004 Private Keys Credential Access
Adversaries may search for private key certificate files on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-29071Shared CWE-1391, CWE-522
CVE-2024-34887Shared CWE-522
CVE-2025-13163Shared CWE-522
CVE-2026-9395Shared CWE-522
CVE-2026-6253Shared CWE-522
CVE-2026-31926Shared CWE-522
CVE-2024-51545Shared CWE-522
CVE-2023-38548Shared CWE-522
CVE-2023-33263Shared CWE-522
CVE-2026-28204Shared CWE-522

Affected Assets

Ci Solution
—
inferred from references and description; NVD did not file a CPE for this CVE

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

—

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

—

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)
  • 16 hardening rules · 8 OS baselines
Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V6.2.2
  • V6.3.1
  • V6.3.2
  • V6.4.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

IA-5 Authenticator Management good match

IA-5 directly requires management of authenticator strength, distribution, and replacement, stopping default or guessable credentials from being introduced or used.

SA-8 Security and Privacy Engineering Principles good match

Explicitly requires application of security and privacy engineering principles throughout the lifecycle, structurally preventing their violation.

SC-12 Cryptographic Key Establishment and Management good match

Requiring cryptographic keys to be established and managed according to defined requirements prevents developers from embedding static unchangeable keys.

SC-28 Protection of Information at Rest good match

Protection of information at rest requires encryption or equivalent safeguards for stored credentials.

SC-8 Transmission Confidentiality and Integrity good match

Transmission confidentiality and integrity enforcement stops credentials from being sent in plaintext or without protection.

AC-5 Separation of Duties good match

Separation of duties is a core secure design principle whose mandated implementation directly stops the violation from occurring.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.DS-01 full match
prevents

Encrypting data-at-rest fully prevents insecure credential storage while only partially satisfying the broader data-protection outcome.

PR.DS-02 full match
prevents

Encrypting data-in-transit fully prevents interception of credentials in motion while only partially satisfying the broader data-protection outcome.

PR.AA-01 mostly match
prevents

Credential management practices directly reduce insecure storage/transmission but do not guarantee encryption or transport protection.

PR.AA-03 mostly match
prevents

Password-strength policies in PR.AA-03 directly block weak authenticators, but the control leaves hard-coded/default credentials largely unaddressed.

PR.AA-04 mostly match
prevents

Protecting identity assertions covers conveyance of credentials but is narrower than full credential lifecycle protection.

PR.PS-01 mostly match
prevents

Hardened baselines and default-setting reviews directly block default/hard-coded creds (mostly), yet leave algorithmic guessing, reuse, and non-config sources of weak credentials untouched (partial).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

A.5.17 Authentication information full match
degrades

Directly requires secure generation, distribution and storage of authentication credentials, eliminating default/hard-coded weak passwords.

A.8.27 Secure system architecture and engineering principles full match
prevents

Secure system architecture and engineering principles are the explicit embodiment of the secure design principles violated by CWE-657.

A.8.5 Secure authentication full match
degrades

Mandates secure authentication mechanisms that preclude use of weak or default credentials.

A.8.24 Use of cryptography mostly match
prevents

Protecting secret and private keys against disclosure and unauthorized use decreases the exposure of credentials that are stored or transmitted in recoverable form.

A.8.25 Secure development life cycle mostly match
degrades

A secure development life cycle directly requires adherence to established secure design principles.

A.8.28 Secure coding mostly match
prevents

Secure-coding rules can prohibit hard-coded passwords, yet coverage depends on specific coding standards adopted.

Hardening callouts derived

Configuration rules from DISA STIG baselines that bear on weaknesses of the type cited by this CVE. Each rule is shown with the relationship its mapping actually records, against the CWE it was authored against. Derived via CVE→CWE over `controls_xwalks` (authoritative rows only; rows rated `none` are excluded).

Oracle Linux 8 (3 rules)
  • V-248667 OL 8 must configure the use of the pam_faillock.so module in the /etc/pam.d/system-auth file. prevents CWE-1391
  • V-248668 OL 8 must configure the use of the pam_faillock.so module in the /etc/pam.d/password-auth file. prevents CWE-1391
  • V-248827 OL 8 must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-1391
RHEL 7 (1 rule)
  • V-204442 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux operating system must not have the rsh-server package installed. prevents CWE-1391
RHEL 8 (1 rule)
  • V-244533 RHEL 8 must configure the use of the pam_faillock.so module in the /etc/pam.d/system-auth file. prevents CWE-1391
Ubuntu 22.04 (1 rule)
  • V-260559 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS must ensure only users who need access to security functions are part of sudo group. prevents CWE-657
Ubuntu 24.04 (1 rule)
  • V-270748 Ubuntu 24.04 LTS must ensure only users who need access to security functions are part of sudo group. prevents CWE-657
Windows Server 2016 (2 rules)
  • V-224992 Domain Controller PKI certificates must be issued by the DoD PKI or an approved External Certificate Authority (ECA). prevents CWE-657
  • V-224993 PKI certificates associated with user accounts must be issued by the DoD PKI or an approved External Certificate Authority (ECA). prevents CWE-657
Windows Server 2019 (2 rules)
  • V-205646 Windows Server 2019 domain Controller PKI certificates must be issued by the DoD PKI or an approved External Certificate Authority (ECA). prevents CWE-657
  • V-205647 Windows Server 2019 PKI certificates associated with user accounts must be issued by a DoD PKI or an approved External Certificate Authority (ECA). prevents CWE-657
Windows Server 2022 (2 rules)
  • V-254413 Windows Server 2022 domain Controller PKI certificates must be issued by the DoD PKI or an approved External Certificate Authority (ECA). prevents CWE-657
  • V-254414 Windows Server 2022 PKI certificates associated with user accounts must be issued by a DoD PKI or an approved External Certificate Authority (ECA). prevents CWE-657

References