CVE-2024-40890
RCE in Zyxel Vmg1312-B10A Firmware
Raw vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:HSummary
CVE-2024-40890 is a high-severity OS Command Injection (CWE-78) vulnerability in Zyxel Sbg3500-N000 Firmware. Its CVSS base score is 8.8 (High).
Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 3% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; CISA has added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.
Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary
Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.
CVE-2024-40890 is a post-authentication command injection vulnerability, tracked under CWE-78, that affects the CGI program in the legacy Zyxel VMG4325-B10A DSL CPE running firmware version 1.00(AAFR.4)C0_20170615. The flaw permits an authenticated attacker to supply a crafted HTTP POST request that results in execution of arbitrary operating system commands on the device. The issue was assigned an 8.8 CVSS score reflecting network attack vector, low complexity, and full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact.
An authenticated attacker with network access can exploit the vulnerability by sending a malicious POST request to the affected CGI endpoint, achieving remote command execution on the device. Because the device is marked unsupported, no vendor remediation is available for this firmware version.
The referenced Zyxel advisory addresses command injection issues in certain legacy DSL CPE models and notes the unsupported status of the VMG4325-B10A firmware. CISA has added CVE-2024-40890 to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, confirming observed in-the-wild exploitation. The associated EPSS score has reached 0.4588, indicating substantial exploitation interest.
OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)
EU & UK References
- 🇪🇺 ENISA EUVD: EUVD-2024-38809
Vulnerability Data
**UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED** A post-authentication command injection vulnerability in the CGI program of the legacy DSL CPE Zyxel VMG4325-B10A firmware version 1.00(AAFR.4)C0_20170615 could allow an authenticated attacker to execute operating system (OS) commands on an affected device by sending a…
more
crafted HTTP POST request.
- CWE(s)
- KEV Date Added
- 11 February 2025
Related Threats
MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques
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Affected Assets
Mitigating Controls
Control response
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V1.2.5V1.2.8V15.2.5
Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI
Developer testing and evaluation can discover missing or incorrect command sanitization during development.
Input validation directly neutralizes or rejects special characters that would otherwise alter OS command structure.
Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.
Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.
Secure engineering principles require proper neutralization of untrusted input before command construction.
Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.
Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).
Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI
Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.
Security testing and code review target insecure use of operating-system command interfaces, catching command-injection flaws introduced during development.