Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-42491

Memory Safety in Sangoma Certified Asterisk ≤ 18.9

Published
05 September 2024
Modified
03 November 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v3.1 5.7
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0055 43th percentile
Risk Priority 48 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-42491 is a medium-severity Unchecked Return Value (CWE-252) vulnerability in Sangoma Certified Asterisk. Its CVSS base score is 5.7 (Medium).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Endpoint Denial of Service (T1499); ranked at the 43th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SA-15 (Development Process, Standards, and Tools) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Asterisk is an open-source private branch exchange (PBX). Prior to versions 18.24.3, 20.9.3, and 21.4.3 of Asterisk and versions 18.9-cert12 and 20.7-cert2 of certified-asterisk, if Asterisk attempts to send a SIP request to a URI whose host portion starts with…

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`.1` or `[.1]`, and res_resolver_unbound is loaded, Asterisk will crash with a SEGV. To receive a patch, users should upgrade to one of the following versions: 18.24.3, 20.9.3, 21.4.3, certified-18.9-cert12, certified-20.7-cert2. Two workarounds are available. Disable res_resolver_unbound by setting `noload = res_resolver_unbound.so` in modules.conf, or set `rewrite_contact = yes` on all PJSIP endpoints. NOTE: This may not be appropriate for all Asterisk configurations.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1499 Endpoint Denial of Service Impact
Adversaries may perform Endpoint Denial of Service (DoS) attacks to degrade or block the availability of services to users.
T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-49832Same product: Sangoma Asterisk
CVE-2025-47779Same product: Sangoma Asterisk
CVE-2025-54995Same product: Sangoma Asterisk
CVE-2026-23739Same product: Sangoma Asterisk
CVE-2025-47780Same product: Sangoma Asterisk
CVE-2026-23738Same product: Sangoma Asterisk
CVE-2026-23741Same product: Sangoma Asterisk
CVE-2026-23740Same product: Sangoma Asterisk
CVE-2025-1131Same product: Sangoma Asterisk
CVE-2024-35190Same product: Sangoma Asterisk

Affected Assets

sangoma
asterisk
≤ 18.24.3 · 20.0.0 — 20.9.3 · 21.0.0 — 21.4.3
sangoma
certified asterisk
18.9, 20.7 · ≤ 18.9

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and code evaluation can discover instances where return values are ignored.

Requiring a documented development process and coding standards can mandate explicit checking of all function return values.

Engineering principles can mandate defensive coding such as explicit null checks before dereference.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

Secure SDLC practices directly require checking and handling all function return values to detect error conditions.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing in development and acceptance can detect missing return-value checks.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates verification of return values to prevent undetected failures.

prevents

Application security requirements include input/output validation and error handling that covers return-value checks.

degrades

Secure system architecture and engineering principles require robust error handling and defensive coding practices.

prevents

Secure coding explicitly requires checking return values to avoid CWE-252.

References