Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-48962

RCE in Apache Ofbiz ≤ 18.12.17

Published
18 November 2024
Modified
11 February 2025
Patch / advisory
CVSS Score v4 8.9
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:N/R:U/V:C/RE:H/U:Amber
EPSS Score 0.0061 46th percentile
Risk Priority 55 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-48962 is a high-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Apache Ofbiz. Its CVSS base score is 8.9 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Template Injection (T1221); ranked at the 46th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection'), Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), : Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability in Apache OFBiz. This issue affects Apache OFBiz: before 18.12.17. Users are recommended to upgrade to…

more

version 18.12.17, which fixes the issue.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1221 Template Injection Stealth
Adversaries may create or modify references in user document templates to conceal malicious code or force authentication attempts.
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.002 AppleScript Execution
Adversaries may abuse AppleScript for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.005 Visual Basic Execution
Adversaries may abuse Visual Basic (VB) for execution.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2025-54466Same product: Apache Ofbiz
CVE-2026-50223Same product: Apache Ofbiz
CVE-2023-49070Same product: Apache Ofbiz
CVE-2026-35086Same product: Apache Ofbiz
CVE-2026-46586Same product: Apache Ofbiz
CVE-2024-45507Same product: Apache Ofbiz
CVE-2024-47208Same product: Apache Ofbiz
CVE-2026-31379Same product: Apache Ofbiz
CVE-2025-26865Same product: Apache Ofbiz
CVE-2026-29207Same product: Apache Ofbiz

Affected Assets

apache
ofbiz
≤ 18.12.17

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.3.2
  • V1.3.7
  • V1.3.10
  • V3.3.2

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation finds code paths that accept and execute externally influenced strings.

Input validation directly stops untrusted data from being used to construct executable code without neutralization.

Access enforcement requires verifying that state-changing requests originate from the authenticated user rather than a forged cross-site source.

Least privilege limits the damage an injected code fragment can perform once executed.

Requiring documented secure development standards and tools enforces use of safe code-generation APIs and escaping.

Security engineering principles require use of safe templating APIs and proper escaping of external input.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly target injection flaws via secure coding and testing (mostly), yet as a single broad outcome it leaves many code-generation specifics unaddressed (partial).

PR.DS-10 none match
prevents

PR.DS-10 protects runtime data confidentiality/integrity but has no bearing on neutralizing externally influenced input during code generation, so neither direction shows any preventive effect.

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing can detect template-injection flaws but does not itself implement neutralization controls.

mitigates

By denying access to phishing or malicious sites, the control lowers the likelihood that a user will be tricked into submitting a forged request that performs an unintended action on another site.

prevents

Secure development life cycle mandates input validation and sanitization that directly prevents template-injection weaknesses.

prevents

Application security requirements explicitly call for neutralizing special elements in template engines.

prevents

Secure architecture principles reduce the likelihood of unsafe template processing but do not prescribe specific neutralization techniques.

prevents

Banning unapproved code samples and unauthenticated web services, combined with secure-coding standards and SAST, prevents the dynamic generation or inclusion of attacker-supplied code.

References