Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-51123

High

Published: 12 February 2025

Published
12 February 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score v3.1 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
EPSS Score 0.0026 49.4th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Summary

CVE-2024-51123 is a high-severity Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor (CWE-200) vulnerability. Its CVSS base score is 7.5 (High).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Exploit Public-Facing Application (T1190); ranked at the 49.4th percentile by exploit likelihood (below the median); it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified are NIST 800-53 AC-3 (Access Enforcement) and SC-14 (Public Access Protections).

Deeper analysis

CVE-2024-51123 is an information disclosure vulnerability (CWE-200) affecting Zertificon Z1 SecureMail Gateway version 4.44.2-7240-debian12. The flaw resides in the /compose-pdf.xhtml?convid=[id] component, where a remote attacker can extract sensitive information. It carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N), indicating high severity due to network accessibility, low attack complexity, and no requirements for privileges or user interaction.

Any remote attacker can exploit this vulnerability without authentication by sending crafted requests to the vulnerable endpoint, potentially leaking confidential data such as user or message details. Successful exploitation enables high-impact confidentiality breaches but does not allow integrity modification or denial of service.

Further details, including potential mitigation guidance, are available in the advisory at https://github.com/MVRC-ITSEC/CVEs/blob/main/CVE-2024-51123. Security practitioners should review this source for version-specific patches or workarounds, as no additional mitigation information is detailed in the CVE publication from February 12, 2025.

EU & UK References

Vulnerability details

An issue in Zertificon Z1 SecureMail Z1 SecureMail Gateway 4.44.2-7240-debian12 allows a remote attacker to obtain sensitive information via the /compose-pdf.xhtml?convid=[id] component.

CWE(s)

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

Direct unauthenticated exploitation of a public-facing web endpoint (/compose-pdf.xhtml) to disclose sensitive data matches T1190 exactly; no other techniques are directly enabled by the described flaw.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2024-13796Shared CWE-200
CVE-2025-25975Shared CWE-200
CVE-2024-12142Shared CWE-200
CVE-2025-25951Shared CWE-200
CVE-2026-34297Shared CWE-200
CVE-2024-26480Shared CWE-200
CVE-2026-24498Shared CWE-200
CVE-2025-22828Shared CWE-200
CVE-2026-23659Shared CWE-200
CVE-2024-11282Shared CWE-200

Affected Assets

Mitigating Controls

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

prevent

Directly mitigates the CVE by requiring timely remediation of the specific information disclosure flaw through patches or workarounds from the vendor advisory.

prevent

Enforces approved authorizations to block unauthorized remote access to sensitive information via the vulnerable /compose-pdf.xhtml?convid=[id] endpoint.

prevent

Provides additional protections for publicly accessible network endpoints to prevent unauthenticated disclosure of confidential data.

References