Cyber Resilience

CVE-2024-9053

RCE in Vllm-Project Vllm 0.6.0

Published
20 March 2025
Modified
15 October 2025
CVSS Score v3.1 9.8
Click a component to see what it means
Raw vectorCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.013 67th percentile
Risk Priority 80 floored blend · peak EPSS

Summary

CVE-2024-9053 is a critical-severity Deserialization of Untrusted Data (CWE-502) vulnerability in Vllm-Project Vllm. Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).

Operationally, exploitation aligns with the MITRE ATT&CK technique Command and Scripting Interpreter (T1059); ranked in the top 33% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog; a public proof-of-concept is referenced.

This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as NLP and Transformers; in the Supply Chain and Deployment risk domain.

The strongest mitigations our analysis identified map to SA-11 (Developer Testing and Evaluation) and SI-10 (Information Input Validation) — see the control section below for these in your framework.

Deeper analysis AI-assisted summary

Synthesised by an AI model from the NVD description and linked references — a reading aid, not an authoritative source.

vllm-project vllm version 0.6.0 is affected by a deserialization vulnerability in the AsyncEngineRPCServer RPC server entrypoints. The run_server_loop function invokes _make_handler_coro, which passes received messages directly to cloudpickle.loads without any validation or sanitization, enabling arbitrary code execution through malicious pickle payloads. The issue is tracked as CVE-2024-9053 with a CVSS score of 9.8 and is associated with CWE-502 and CWE-78.

An unauthenticated remote attacker can connect to the exposed RPC interface and supply crafted serialized objects. Successful exploitation grants full control over the server process, including the ability to execute arbitrary commands, read or modify data, and disrupt service availability.

The sole reference points to a huntr.com bounty report that details the finding, though no specific patch or mitigation guidance is provided in the available information. The project is an LLM inference engine, placing the flaw in an AI/ML serving context where RPC interfaces may be reachable in distributed deployments. The associated EPSS score has reached a peak of 0.1046 with a current value of 0.1002.

OWASP Top 10 for Web (2025)

EU & UK References

Vulnerability Data

vllm-project vllm version 0.6.0 contains a vulnerability in the AsyncEngineRPCServer() RPC server entrypoints. The core functionality run_server_loop() calls the function _make_handler_coro(), which directly uses cloudpickle.loads() on received messages without any sanitization. This can result in remote code execution by deserializing…

more

malicious pickle data.

CWE(s)

AI Security AnalysisAI

AI Category
NLP and Transformers
Risk Domain
Supply Chain and Deployment
OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
None mapped
Classification Reason
Matched keywords: vllm

Related Threats

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
T1059.003 Windows Command Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse the Windows command shell for execution.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1059.001 PowerShell Execution
Adversaries may abuse PowerShell commands and scripts for execution.
T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1203 Exploitation for Client Execution Execution
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in client applications to execute code.
Derived from this CVE’s CWE(s) via the direct CWE→ATT&CK cross-walk.

CVEs Like This One

CVE-2026-56700Shared CWE-502, CWE-78
CVE-2023-26153Shared CWE-502, CWE-78
CVE-2023-43208Shared CWE-502, CWE-78
CVE-2025-15063Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-34940Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-35043Shared CWE-78
CVE-2026-44345Shared CWE-78
CVE-2023-7018Shared CWE-502
CVE-2023-6730Shared CWE-502
CVE-2026-5532Shared CWE-78

Affected Assets

vllm-project
vllm
0.6.0

Mitigating Controls

Control response

Prevent
Stop it (NIST 800-53)

Detect
Catch it (NIST detect / respond)

Harden
Shrink the surface (DISA STIG)

Validate
Prove the fix (OWASP ASVS)
  • V1.2.5
  • V1.2.8
  • V15.2.5

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5) AI

Developer testing and evaluation can uncover deserialization flaws before deployment.

Input validation directly stops deserialization of untrusted data by ensuring inputs are valid before processing.

Least privilege reduces the permissions available to any process that could be subverted by injected commands.

Least functionality restricts available OS commands and interpreters, limiting the blast radius of injection.

Engineering principles such as safe deserialization and input sanitization structurally prevent the weakness from being introduced.

Integrity verification tools can detect malformed or tampered serialized data after the fact.

Mitigating Controls (NIST CSF 2.0) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→CSF cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

PR.PS-06 mostly match
prevents

PR.PS-06's SDLC practices directly require secure coding and input handling that blocks command-injection defects, yet the single broad outcome leaves many specific neutralization vectors and verification gaps unaddressed.

PR.PS-02 partial match
prevents

Routine patching/maintenance can remediate known command-injection CVEs in dependencies (partial forward) but does nothing to stop developers from introducing improper neutralization in custom code (none reverse).

Mitigating Controls (ISO/IEC 27001:2022 Annex A) AI

Derived directly from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry via our AI-authored CWE→ISO cross-walk (authority under review) — links open the control.

finds

Security testing includes validation of deserialization routines and the use of untrusted data, reducing the likelihood that unsafe object reconstruction will be deployed.

prevents

Requiring vetted libraries, regular updates and SAST before release reduces the likelihood that deserialization logic will accept and act on attacker-controlled serialized objects.

finds

Regular scanning of third-party libraries and timely patching reduce the likelihood that unsafe deserialization vulnerabilities remain active.

none

Mandatory malware scanning of data received over networks or storage media intercepts malicious serialized payloads before they are deserialized by the target application.

References